Divisão de Biologia, Fundação Estadual de Proteção Ambiental Henrique Luis Roessler (FEPAM), Brazil; Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Pontifı́cia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2004 Jul;17(3):149-57. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.04.001.
The livers fractions of Oreochromis niloticus (Tilapia) and Wistar rats taken from treated animals to single intraperitoneal doses of hexavalent chromium (K(2)Cr(2)O(7)), were analyzed for tert butyl hydroperoxide-initiated chemiluminescence (CL), lipid peroxidation using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities, and the quantification of cytochromes P450 and b5. The CL time course curve was significantly higher in O. niloticus treated with Cr(VI) at all times studied. The maximum CL was observed after 24h of exposure. The CL mean ratio treated/control was 4.6 and the initial velocity (V(0)) increased 7.4 times at 24h of intoxication. The TBARS levels however increased only 24h after intoxication. The CL time course curve was significantly higher in rats treated with Cr(VI) as early as 3h after intoxication. The maximum CL occurred 24h after exposure. The CL mean ratio treated/control was 2.1 and the V(0) increased 3.8 times at 24h of intoxication. On the contrary, was not observed any increase in TBARS in this study. Compared to the controls, in fish, SOD activity increased significantly only 24h after of exposure. In rats, there was a significant increase in SOD activity after 3 and 24h of intoxication. There was no catalase activity, nor cytochrome P450 and cytochrome b5 variation in both species studied. Through CL approach, it was possible to detect oxidative stress as early as 15min in fish and 3h in rats. Also a marked oxidative stress was revealed by the increased CL parameters that at 24h of intoxication was accompanied by arose SOD activity in liver of O. niloticus and Wistar rats and increased TBARS in O. niloticus. In addition, it was possible to show higher levels of oxidative stress in fish compared to the rat in spite of the dose to be four times smaller. Furthermore, CL provide a sensitive method for possible use to detect earlier biological impact in contaminated environments.
从经六价铬（K2Cr2O7）单次腹腔注射处理的奥利亚罗非鱼（Tilapia）和 Wistar 大鼠肝脏部分提取出来的组织，被用于分析 tert 丁基过氧化物引发的化学发光（CL）、使用硫代巴比妥酸反应物质（TBARS）的脂质过氧化、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶活性，以及细胞色素 P450 和 b5 的定量。在所有研究时间内，用 Cr（VI）处理的奥利亚罗非鱼的 CL 时程曲线明显更高。最大 CL 出现在暴露 24 小时后。处理/对照的 CL 平均比值为 4.6，在中毒 24 小时时初始速度（V（0））增加了 7.4 倍。然而，TBARS 水平仅在中毒 24 小时后增加。在 Cr（VI）处理的大鼠中，CL 时程曲线早在中毒后 3 小时就明显更高。最大 CL 出现在暴露 24 小时后。处理/对照的 CL 平均比值为 2.1，在中毒 24 小时时 V（0）增加了 3.8 倍。相反，在这项研究中没有观察到 TBARS 的任何增加。与对照组相比，在鱼中，只有在暴露后 24 小时 SOD 活性才显著增加。在大鼠中，在中毒后 3 和 24 小时 SOD 活性均显著增加。在两种研究物种中均未观察到过氧化氢酶活性或细胞色素 P450 和细胞色素 b5 的变化。通过 CL 方法，可以在鱼中检测到 15 分钟的氧化应激，在大鼠中检测到 3 小时的氧化应激。在奥利亚罗非鱼和 Wistar 大鼠的肝脏中，SOD 活性增加，在奥利亚罗非鱼中，TBARS 增加，这表明氧化应激明显增加，这在 24 小时的中毒时伴随着增加的 CL 参数。此外，尽管剂量小四倍，但仍能显示出鱼类的氧化应激水平高于大鼠。此外，CL 提供了一种敏感的方法，可能用于检测污染环境中的早期生物影响。
