Reinhard H G
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf.
Acta Paedopsychiatr. 1990;53(2):138-45.
12 schizophrenic, 11 borderline and 20 neurotic adolescents were examined with the procedure, according to Kohlberg, to moral development. In addition, existence techniques, themes and formal personality attributes according to Thomae were assessed. In schizophrenic adolescents a very distinct discrepancy between average and the highest stage values of the moral judgement were the main result (décalage value). This distinct décalage corresponds with the previously discussed distinct ambiguity tolerance of schizophrenics that comes into being on the basis of a deactualisation weakness towards situatively stimulated representative pieces of existence. In connection with this décalage and with the other values for moral judgement are findings on life style and theme that can be interpreted in the sense of an introversion and a cry for help connected with increased resistance and present a form of illness mastering. A detachment from the parents only appears possible at the cost of an increased lability (in the area of moral and ego-identity as décalage).
按照科尔伯格的道德发展程序，对12名精神分裂症青少年、11名边缘型青少年和20名神经质青少年进行了检查。此外，还根据托马伊的方法评估了生存技巧、主题和正式的人格特质。精神分裂症青少年道德判断的平均阶段值与最高阶段值之间存在非常明显的差异（差距值），这是主要结果。这种明显的差距与之前讨论的精神分裂症患者明显的模糊容忍度相对应，这种容忍度是基于对情境刺激的代表性生存片段的去现实化弱点而产生的。与这种差距以及道德判断的其他值相关的是关于生活方式和主题的发现，这些发现可以从内向以及与增加的抵抗力相关的求助呼声的角度来解释，并呈现出一种疾病掌控的形式。只有以增加的易变性（在道德和自我认同领域作为差距）为代价，才可能与父母分离。
