Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Iran.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2005 Jan;19(1):191-6. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.07.002.
Regarding the widespread use of organophosphorous pesticides (OP) especially malathion in environment and reported cases of muscle disturbances in human and animal, the present work was undertaken to explore effects of malathion subchronic exposure on rat leg skeletal muscle glucose metabolism by measuring key enzymes of glycogenolysis and glycolysis. Malathion was administered through food for 4 weeks at concentrations of 100, 200, and 400ppm to rats. Activities of enzymes including glycogen phosphorylase (GP), hexokinase (HK), and phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK) were measured in skeletal muscle homogenate of exposed rats. Levels of glucose and insulin were measured in blood. Four weeks administration of malathion at doses of 200 and 400ppm increased blood glucose concentrations to 44.4 and 60.6% of control, respectively. Malathion at doses of 200 and 400ppm increased blood insulin concentration to 36.6 and 143.2% of control, respectively. Malathion at doses of 100, 200, and 400ppm increased muscle PFK activity to 40.4, 53.5, and 83.1% of control, respectively. Malathion at doses of 400ppm increased skeletal muscle GP to 91.6% of control. Skeletal muscle HK was not influenced by malathion treatment. It is concluded that malathion influences muscle glycogenolysis and glycolysis as well as secretion of insulin from pancreas which all may explain diabetic potential of malathion.
鉴于有机磷农药（OP），特别是马拉硫磷在环境中的广泛使用以及在人和动物中报告的肌肉紊乱病例，本研究旨在通过测量糖原分解和糖酵解的关键酶来探讨马拉硫磷亚慢性暴露对大鼠腿部骨骼肌葡萄糖代谢的影响。马拉硫磷通过食物给药，浓度分别为 100、200 和 400ppm，持续 4 周。在暴露大鼠的骨骼肌匀浆中测量酶包括糖原磷酸化酶（GP）、己糖激酶（HK）和磷酸果糖激酶-1（PFK）的活性。测量血液中的葡萄糖和胰岛素水平。马拉硫磷以 200 和 400ppm 的剂量连续给药 4 周，使血糖浓度分别增加到对照的 44.4%和 60.6%。马拉硫磷以 200 和 400ppm 的剂量给药，使胰岛素浓度分别增加到对照的 36.6%和 143.2%。马拉硫磷以 100、200 和 400ppm 的剂量给药，使肌肉 PFK 活性分别增加到对照的 40.4%、53.5%和 83.1%。马拉硫磷以 400ppm 的剂量给药，使骨骼肌 GP 增加到对照的 91.6%。马拉硫磷处理对骨骼肌 HK 没有影响。综上所述，马拉硫磷影响肌肉糖原分解和糖酵解以及胰腺胰岛素的分泌，这可能解释了马拉硫磷的潜在糖尿病作用。
