Laboratorio de Proteínas e Immunotoxicidad, Postgrado de Biología Aplicada, Universidad de Oriente, Núcleo de Sucre, Cumaná, Estado Sucre, Venezuela.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2009 May;27(3):321-6. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2008.11.010. Epub 2008 Nov 28.
This study evaluated the effect of paraquat (PQ) and temperature on hematological parameters and nonspecific immune system of fish Colossoma macropomum (Cachama). Juveniles were used for all experiments. Fish were exposed to three temperatures (18, 28, 35°C) and 10mg/L PQ during 21 days (PQ LC(50) 96h was of 48.05mg/L). Hematological (Hb, Ht, VCM, HCM and CHCM and RBC) and immunological parameters (WBC, differential count of white cells, phagocytes, and bacterial killing by phagocytes) were analyzed for 7, 14 and 21 days. Fishes PQ exposed at 18°C decreased Hb, MCH and MCHC; we observed sickle erythrocytes in control group at 18°C, and in PQ-exposed groups at 18 and 35°C. Immunological parameters were not affected by temperature. Neutrophils decreased significantly in all PQ-exposed groups. Bacterial killing by phagocytes decreased in 18 and 35°C PQ-groups; a synergistic interaction was shown between PQ and temperature on WBC and lymphocytes. These results indicate that PQ affected neutrophils counts independently of temperature exposure; the temperature exerted a synergistic effect on PQ toxicity in lymphocyte counts and phagocytic response and besides nonspecific immune response, PQ and temperature affects hematological parameters such as Hb, MCH, MCHC and erythrocytes morphology.
本研究评估了百草枯（PQ）和温度对淡水白鲳（Colossoma macropomum）血液学参数和非特异性免疫系统的影响。所有实验均使用幼鱼。鱼在三种温度（18、28、35°C）和 10mg/L PQ 下暴露 21 天（PQ LC(50) 96h 为 48.05mg/L）。在第 7、14 和 21 天分析了血液学（Hb、Ht、VCM、HCM 和 CHCM 和 RBC）和免疫学参数（WBC、白细胞分类计数、吞噬细胞和吞噬细胞的杀菌能力）。在 18°C 下暴露于 PQ 的鱼的 Hb、MCH 和 MCHC 降低；我们在 18°C 下的对照组中观察到镰状红细胞，在 18°C 和 35°C 下的 PQ 暴露组中也观察到镰状红细胞。温度对免疫参数没有影响。所有 PQ 暴露组的中性粒细胞均显著减少。在 18 和 35°C 的 PQ 组中，吞噬细胞的杀菌能力下降；PQ 和温度对 WBC 和淋巴细胞计数表现出协同作用。这些结果表明，PQ 对中性粒细胞计数的影响独立于温度暴露；温度对淋巴细胞计数和吞噬反应中 PQ 毒性具有协同作用，除了非特异性免疫反应外，PQ 和温度还会影响血液学参数，如 Hb、MCH、MCHC 和红细胞形态。
