South China Normal University, China.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2011 Dec;37(6):1855-66. doi: 10.1037/a0024673. Epub 2011 Jul 25.
In five experiments we explored the effects of weight on time in different action contexts to test the hypothesis that an integrated magnitude system is tuned to affordances. Larger magnitudes generally seem longer; however, Lu and colleagues (2009) found that if numbers were presented as weights in a range heavy enough to affect lifting, the "larger seems longer" effect was enhanced, but it was eliminated with weights too light to affect lifting. Experiments 1 and 2 revealed that actually lifting kilogram and gram weights had effects parallel to symbolized weights, suggesting that Lu et al.'s task implicitly evoked a lifting context. Experiments 3 and 4 showed that weights too heavy (e.g., tons) or too light to be discriminated by lifting, but relevant to other affordances (e.g., grams of a toxin) had effects on time as large or larger than for kilograms. Experiment 5 showed that the effect for grams in a toxicology context did not generalize to the lifting task of Experiment 2. Weight appears to integrate with other magnitudes when it is relevant to meaningful actions, including but not limited to lifting.
在五项实验中，我们探讨了重量在不同动作情境下对时间的影响，以检验一个综合的量值系统是否适应于可供性的假设。通常情况下，较大的量值看起来时间更长；然而，Lu 和同事（2009）发现，如果数字被呈现为足以影响提起的重量范围内的权重，“越大看起来越长”的效果会增强，但如果重量太轻以至于无法提起，这种效果就会消除。实验 1 和 2 表明，实际提起公斤和克的重量与符号化的重量具有相似的效果，这表明 Lu 等人的任务隐含地唤起了一种提起的情境。实验 3 和 4 表明，太重（例如，吨）或太轻（以至于无法通过提起来区分）但与其他可供性相关（例如，毒素的克数）的重量对时间的影响与公斤的影响一样大或更大。实验 5 表明，毒理学情境下的克重效应不会推广到实验 2 的提起任务中。当重量与有意义的动作相关时，它似乎与其他量值整合在一起，包括但不限于提起。
