Patel Bhavik N, Kapoor Baljendra S, Borghei Peyman, Shah Nemil A, Lockhart Mark E
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Radiology, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 2011 Sep-Oct;40(5):208-17. doi: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2011.01.002.
Patients with renal impairment and/or contrast allergies pose a challenge with regard to diagnostic evaluations. CO(2) may serve as a suitable alternative intravascular contrast agent in these patients with arteriographic applications, including evaluation of peripheral vascular disease, and venographic applications, such as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure, to name a few. Unique properties of CO(2), such as low viscosity, lack of an allergic reaction, and renal toxicity, have afforded it its diagnostic capabilities. However, certain properties of CO(2) also pose a technical challenge in terms of its delivery. Although it remains a relatively safe alternative contrast agent, potential adverse effects have been reported and exist.
肾功能不全和/或有造影剂过敏的患者在诊断评估方面存在挑战。对于这些患者，在包括外周血管疾病评估等动脉造影应用以及经颈静脉肝内门体分流术等静脉造影应用（仅举几例）中，二氧化碳可作为一种合适的血管内造影剂替代物。二氧化碳的独特性质，如低粘度、无过敏反应和肾毒性，赋予了它诊断能力。然而，二氧化碳的某些性质在其输送方面也带来了技术挑战。尽管它仍然是一种相对安全的造影剂替代物，但已有潜在不良反应的报道且确实存在。
