Eur Respir J. 1990 Feb;3(2):163-70.
In a multicentre parallel group study we studied 176 adult patients (53% men) with severe acute asthma (peak expiratory flow (PEF), 15-50% of predicted values). The effect of two doses of inhaled salbutamol (0.15 mg.kg-1 x 2; 30 min apart) (n = 87) was compared with that of one dose of salbutamol given intravenously (5 micrograms.kg-1) (n = 89). There was a significantly larger increase in peak expiratory flow after the first inhaled dose in the group that received inhalation treatment than in the i.v. treated group (69 vs 41 l.min-1, p less than 0.05), but there was no difference in systemic side-effects between the groups. After the second inhaled dose there was a further increase in PEF, but also in systemic side-effects. These treatments were also compared in a cross-over study on 18 of the patients who returned with a second attack of severe acute asthma. The cross-over evaluation produced similar results, with a significantly larger increase in PEF after the first inhaled dose than after the i.v. treatment. Fifteen of the 18 patients found the inhalations more effective than the i.v. treatment. Theophylline (3-6 mg.kg-1) was infused i.v. 60 min after the start of salbutamol treatment, and a significant increase in PEF was observed in both groups. A correlation between the increase in PEF and the increase in plasma theophylline concentration was only found in the group that had received i.v. salbutamol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在一项多中心平行组研究中，我们对176例成年重度急性哮喘患者（男性占53%）进行了研究（呼气峰值流速（PEF）为预测值的15 - 50%）。将两剂吸入沙丁胺醇（0.15 mg·kg⁻¹，分两次给药，间隔30分钟）（n = 87）的效果与一剂静脉注射沙丁胺醇（5 μg·kg⁻¹）（n = 89）的效果进行了比较。接受吸入治疗的组在首次吸入剂量后呼气峰值流速的增加显著大于静脉注射治疗组（分别为69与41 l·min⁻¹，p < 0.05），但两组全身副作用无差异。第二次吸入剂量后，PEF进一步增加，全身副作用也增加。对18例重度急性哮喘再次发作的患者进行了交叉研究，比较了这些治疗方法。交叉评估产生了相似的结果，首次吸入剂量后PEF的增加显著大于静脉注射治疗后。18例患者中有15例发现吸入治疗比静脉注射治疗更有效。在沙丁胺醇治疗开始60分钟后静脉输注氨茶碱（3 - 6 mg·kg⁻¹），两组均观察到PEF显著增加。仅在接受静脉注射沙丁胺醇的组中发现PEF增加与血浆氨茶碱浓度增加之间存在相关性。（摘要截取自250字）
