State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2011;23(4):529-36. doi: 10.1016/s1001-0742(10)60444-5.
Cleaning of hollow-fibre polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane with different chemical reagents after ultrafiltration of algal-rich water was investigated. Among the tested cleaning reagents (NaOH, HCl, EDTA, and NaClO), 100 mg/L NaClO exhibited the best performance (88.4% +/- 1.1%) in removing the irreversible fouling resistance. This might be attributed to the fact that NaClO could eliminate almost all the major foulants such as carbohydrate-like and protein-like materials on the membrane surface, as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. However, negligible irreversible resistance (1.5% +/- 1.0%) was obtained when the membrane was cleaning by 500 mg/L NaOH for 1.0 hr, although the NaOH solution could also desorb a portion of the major foulants from the fouled PVC membrane. Scanning electronic microscopy and atomic force microscopy analyses demonstrated that 500 mg/L NaOH could change the structure of the residual foulants on the membrane, making them more tightly attached to the membrane surface. This phenomenon might be responsible for the negligible membrane permeability restoration after NaOH cleaning. On the other hand, the microscopic analyses reflected that NaClO could effectively remove the foulants accumulated on the membrane surface.
研究了藻类富水超滤后用不同化学试剂清洗中空纤维聚氯乙烯（PVC）膜。在测试的清洗试剂（NaOH、HCl、EDTA 和 NaClO）中，100mg/L NaClO 在去除不可逆污染阻力方面表现最佳（88.4%±1.1%）。这可能是因为 NaClO 可以消除膜表面几乎所有的主要污染物，如碳水化合物和蛋白质样物质，傅里叶变换红外光谱分析证实了这一点。然而，当膜用 500mg/L NaOH 清洗 1.0 小时时，仅获得可忽略的不可逆阻力（1.5%±1.0%），尽管 NaOH 溶液也可以从污染的 PVC 膜上解吸一部分主要污染物。扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜分析表明，500mg/L NaOH 可以改变膜上残留污染物的结构，使它们更紧密地附着在膜表面。这种现象可能是 NaOH 清洗后膜渗透率恢复可忽略的原因。另一方面，微观分析表明，NaClO 可以有效地去除膜表面上积累的污染物。
