Behavioural Brain Sciences Centre, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, UK.
Cogn Neuropsychol. 2009 Oct;26(7):635-54. doi: 10.1080/02643291003633827.
What factors determine stimulus-driven responses in patients with utilization behaviour? We examined this question by assessing the influence of an irrelevant cue on visual search in a patient showing evidence of utilization behaviour (F.K.), following bilateral damage to the medial frontal and temporal lobes. Despite being able to repeat the instructions, F.K. often responded to an item in the search display that matched the cue rather than the target. This effect was reduced under certain conditions: (a) when the cue-search interval increased, (b) when F.K. paid less attention to the cue, and (c) when the target discrimination task was made more difficult. On the other hand, the effect arose even when the cue was always invalid. We suggest that information from the cue competed with the top-down set to determine search. F.K.'s lesion makes it difficult for him to impose top-down knowledge rapidly, leading to responses automatically being based on attended, but irrelevant, cues under short cue-display intervals.
哪些因素决定了利用行为患者的刺激驱动反应？我们通过评估无关线索对一名表现出利用行为迹象（F.K.）的患者的视觉搜索的影响来研究这个问题，该患者的内侧额颞叶双侧受损。尽管 F.K.能够重复指令，但他经常会对与线索而非目标匹配的搜索显示中的项目做出反应。这种效果在以下情况下会降低：（a）当线索-搜索间隔增加时，（b）当 F.K.对线索的关注度降低时，以及（c）当目标辨别任务变得更加困难时。另一方面，即使线索始终无效，这种效果也会出现。我们认为，来自线索的信息与自上而下的设置竞争，以确定搜索。F.K.的损伤使他难以快速施加自上而下的知识，导致在短线索显示间隔下，根据注意力集中但不相关的线索自动做出反应。
