Department of Materials Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn, 19086, Estonia.
Nanoscale Res Lett. 2007 Jul 19;2(8):391-6. doi: 10.1007/s11671-007-9072-6.
In this work we present the results on formation of ZnO nanorods prepared by spray of aqueous solutions containing ZnCl2and thiocarbamide (tu) at different molar ratios. It has been observed that addition of thiocarbamide into the spray solution has great impact on the size, shape and phase composition of the ZnO crystals. Obtained layers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy selected backscattered electron detection system (ESB), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). Small addition of thiocarbamide into ZnCl2solution (ZnCl2:tu = 1:0.25) supports development of significantly thinner ZnO nanorods with higher aspect ratio compared to those obtained from ZnCl2solution. Diameter of ZnO rods decreases from 270 to 100 nm and aspect ratio increases from ∼2.5 to 12 spraying ZnCl2and ZnCl2:tu solutions, respectively. According to XRD, well crystallized (002) orientated pure wurtzite ZnO crystals have been formed. However, tiny 'spot'-like formations of ZnS were detected on the side planes of hexagonal rods prepared from the thiocarbamide containing solutions. Being adsorbed on the side facets of the crystals ZnS inhibits width growth and promotes longitudinalc-axis growth.
在这项工作中，我们展示了通过喷雾法制备 ZnO 纳米棒的结果，喷雾溶液中含有不同摩尔比的 ZnCl2 和硫代乙酰胺（tu）。我们发现，将硫代乙酰胺添加到喷雾溶液中对 ZnO 晶体的尺寸、形状和相组成有很大的影响。通过配备能量选择背散射电子检测系统（ESB）的扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X 射线衍射（XRD）和光致发光光谱（PL）对获得的薄膜进行了表征。少量的硫代乙酰胺添加到 ZnCl2 溶液（ZnCl2:tu = 1:0.25）中，与从 ZnCl2 溶液中获得的相比，支持形成具有更高纵横比的明显更细的 ZnO 纳米棒。ZnO 棒的直径从 270nm 减小到 100nm，并且通过喷雾 ZnCl2 和 ZnCl2:tu 溶液，纵横比分别从约 2.5 增加到 12。根据 XRD，形成了结晶良好的（002）取向的纯纤锌矿 ZnO 晶体。然而，在含有硫代乙酰胺的溶液制备的六方棒的侧平面上检测到了微小的“点状”ZnS 形成物。ZnS 吸附在晶体的侧面，抑制了宽度生长并促进了纵向 c 轴生长。
