Saccoccio Frances M, Gallagher Mary K, Adler Stuart P, McVoy Michael A
Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 980163, Richmond, VA 23298-0163, USA.
Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2011 Sep;18(9):1536-42. doi: 10.1128/CVI.05128-11. Epub 2011 Jul 27.
Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is the leading cause of permanent disability in neonates in the United States. Neutralizing antibodies in saliva may protect against maternal CMV infection by blocking viral entry into oral epithelial cells, but the antibody response to CMV in the saliva following natural infection is not well characterized. Saliva specimens from naturally infected individuals were tested for CMV-neutralizing activity using epithelial and fibroblast cells. Saliva from seronegative adults had no inherent anti-CMV activity. Neutralizing activity of saliva from naturally infected adults was not detectable using fibroblast cells, and saliva from young children, adolescents, and Towne vaccine recipients did not have activity using either cell type. However, when using epithelial cells, neutralizing activity was present in saliva from 50% of seropositive adults, correlated with serum-neutralizing activity, and was more prevalent in mothers of children in day care than in non-day care-associated adults. Three day care mothers with high salivary neutralizing activities (>1:20) had exceptionally high serum-neutralizing titers (3- to 8-fold higher than typical seropositives) and were immunoblot positive for serum antibodies to the epithelial entry mediator UL130. These results suggest that salivary neutralizing activities are attainable by induction of high serum IgG levels and could be utilized to evaluate candidate cytomegalovirus vaccines.
先天性巨细胞病毒（CMV）疾病是美国新生儿永久性残疾的主要原因。唾液中的中和抗体可通过阻止病毒进入口腔上皮细胞来预防母体CMV感染，但自然感染后唾液中针对CMV的抗体反应尚未得到充分表征。使用上皮细胞和成纤维细胞对自然感染个体的唾液标本进行CMV中和活性检测。血清阴性成年人的唾液没有固有抗CMV活性。使用成纤维细胞无法检测到自然感染成年人唾液的中和活性，幼儿、青少年和Towne疫苗接种者的唾液使用两种细胞类型均无活性。然而，使用上皮细胞时，50%的血清阳性成年人唾液中存在中和活性，与血清中和活性相关，且在日托儿童的母亲中比在与日托无关的成年人中更普遍。三名唾液中和活性高（>1:20）的日托母亲血清中和滴度异常高（比典型血清阳性高3至8倍），且针对上皮细胞进入介质UL130的血清抗体免疫印迹呈阳性。这些结果表明，通过诱导高血清IgG水平可获得唾液中和活性，并且可用于评估候选巨细胞病毒疫苗。
