Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2012 Feb;68(2):225-30. doi: 10.1002/ps.2249. Epub 2011 Jul 27.
Preplant fumigation with methyl bromide (MeBr) has been used for control of soilborne pests in high-value annual, perennial and nursery crops, but is being phased out. In 2007 and 2008, research trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of surface treatments and two application shanks on pest control with 1,3-dicloropropene (1,3-D) in perennial crop nurseries.
All 1,3-D treatments controlled nematodes similarly to MeBr. Application of 1,3-D with virtually impermeable film (VIF) reduced Fusarium oxysporum compared with unfumigated plots, but was not as effective as MeBr. Applications of 1,3-D with VIF or 1,3-D followed by metam sodium reduced Pythium spp., but 1,3-D followed by intermittent water seals was comparable with the untreated plots. When sealed with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) film or VIF, 1,3-D generally was as effective as MeBr for reducing weed density and total weed biomass, but weed control was reduced by intermittent water seals and in unsealed plots subsequently re-treated with additional 1,3-D or metam sodium.
Applications of 1,3-D sealed with HDPE or VIF film or with intermittent water seals can control nematodes similarly to MeBr. However, additional management practices may be needed for effective pathogen and weed control if plastic film is not used.
在高价值的一年生、多年生和苗圃作物中，使用甲基溴（MeBr）进行预植熏蒸已被用于防治土壤传播的害虫，但目前正在逐步淘汰。在 2007 年和 2008 年，进行了研究试验，以评估表面处理和两种施药铲对多年生作物苗圃中 1,3-二氯丙烯（1,3-D）防治害虫的影响。
所有 1,3-D 处理对线虫的控制效果与 MeBr 相似。与未熏蒸的地块相比，用几乎不透水的薄膜（VIF）施用 1,3-D 可减少腐霉枯萎病菌，但效果不如 MeBr。用 VIF 或 1,3-D 施药后再用甲代森锰锌处理可减少腐霉病，但 1,3-D 后再进行间歇性水封与未处理的地块相当。用高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）薄膜或 VIF 密封时，1,3-D 通常与 MeBr 一样有效，可降低杂草密度和总杂草生物量，但间歇性水封和未密封的地块随后用额外的 1,3-D 或甲代森锰锌处理会降低杂草控制效果。
用 HDPE 或 VIF 薄膜或间歇性水封密封的 1,3-D 施药可以与 MeBr 相似地控制线虫。然而，如果不使用塑料薄膜，则可能需要额外的管理措施来有效控制病原体和杂草。
