Laakmann G, Hinz A, Voderholzer U, Daffner C, Müller O A, Neuhauser H, Neulinger E, Wittmann M
Psychiatrische Klinik, Universität München, FRG.
Pharmacopsychiatry. 1990 Jan;23(1):18-26. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1014477.
Pharmacoendocrinological studies have shown that psychotropic drugs with different actions have different effects on anterior pituitary hormone secretion in man. Substances with different effects on the central nervous system are characterized by a different pharmacoendocrinological profile. Studies with various receptor blockers have shown varying influences on the DMI-induced growth hormone, prolactin, and ACTH/cortisol secretion. Growth hormone stimulation was shown to be mediated by alpha 2-receptors and inhibited by beta-receptors. Investigations in male and female endogenous depressive patients demonstrated a significantly blunted growth hormone response to DMI compared with age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. A comparative study in male endogenous depressive patients showed a significantly diminished growth hormone stimulation both after DMI and after growth hormone-releasing hormone compared to healthy male subjects. In further tests a simultaneous application of four releasing hormones (GHRH, CRH, GnRH, TRH) was used. These investigations showed a significantly lower GH stimulation in endogenous depressive patients compared with age- and sex-matched healthy subjects, but not in neurotic depressive or schizophrenic patients. Cortisol stimulation was similar in all groups of patients and healthy subjects. TSH stimulation was significantly lower in endogenous depressive and schizophrenic patients than in healthy subjects. Somatomedin-C concentrations were significantly elevated in endogenous depressed patients compared with healthy subjects. The blunted growth hormone response in endogenous depression could be explained by inhibitory influences such as increased somatomedin-C concentrations or a hyperactivity of central beta-adrenergic-receptors.
药理内分泌学研究表明，具有不同作用的精神药物对人体垂体前叶激素分泌有不同影响。对中枢神经系统有不同作用的物质具有不同的药理内分泌学特征。使用各种受体阻滞剂的研究表明，它们对二甲麦角新碱诱导的生长激素、催乳素和促肾上腺皮质激素/皮质醇分泌有不同影响。生长激素的刺激作用被证明是由α2受体介导的，而被β受体抑制。对男性和女性内源性抑郁症患者的研究表明，与年龄和性别匹配的健康受试者相比，他们对二甲麦角新碱的生长激素反应明显减弱。一项对男性内源性抑郁症患者的比较研究表明，与健康男性受试者相比，二甲麦角新碱和生长激素释放激素给药后，生长激素的刺激作用均显著减弱。在进一步的测试中，同时应用了四种释放激素（生长激素释放激素、促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素、促性腺激素释放激素、促甲状腺激素释放激素）。这些研究表明，与年龄和性别匹配的健康受试者相比，内源性抑郁症患者的生长激素刺激作用明显较低，但神经症性抑郁症或精神分裂症患者并非如此。所有患者组和健康受试者的皮质醇刺激作用相似。内源性抑郁症和精神分裂症患者的促甲状腺激素刺激作用明显低于健康受试者。与健康受试者相比，内源性抑郁症患者的生长调节素-C浓度显著升高。内源性抑郁症中生长激素反应减弱可能是由于生长调节素-C浓度升高或中枢β-肾上腺素能受体活性亢进等抑制性影响所致。
