Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1050 Wishard Boulevard, Room 2200, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Neurol Clin. 2011 Aug;29(3):641-55. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2011.05.004. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
Methamphetamine abuse has reached epidemic proportions in the United States. The repetitive use of methamphetamine causes massive and sustained elevations in central monoamines. These elevations, particularly in dopamine, can cause changes in the function of the central nervous system that can manifest as a variety of neurologic disorders. This article focuses on these disorders, such as neurocognitive disorders and mental illness, including drug-induced psychosis; motor disorders, including the possible risk of Parkinson's disease, the development of choreoathetoid movements, and punding; and changes in the physical appearance of the methamphetamine users, including dental caries.
冰毒滥用在美国已达到流行程度。冰毒的重复使用会导致中枢单胺类物质大量且持续升高。这些升高，特别是多巴胺，可能导致中枢神经系统功能发生变化，表现为各种神经障碍。本文重点介绍这些障碍，如神经认知障碍和精神疾病，包括药物引起的精神病；运动障碍，包括帕金森病的潜在风险、舞蹈手足徐动症和强迫行为的发展；以及冰毒使用者外貌的变化，包括龋齿。
