Rode S, Stark R, Lübbe J, Tröger L, Schütte J, Umeda K, Kobayashi K, Yamada H, Kühnle A
Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Jakob-Welder-Weg 11, 55099 Mainz, Germany.
Rev Sci Instrum. 2011 Jul;82(7):073703. doi: 10.1063/1.3606399.
A key issue for high-resolution frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy imaging in liquids is minimizing the frequency noise, which requires a detailed analysis of the corresponding noise contributions. In this paper, we present a detailed description for modifying a commercial atomic force microscope (Bruker MultiMode V with Nanoscope V controller), aiming at atomic-resolution frequency-modulation imaging in ambient and in liquid environment. Care was taken to maintain the AFMs original stability and ease of operation. The new system builds upon an optimized light source, a new photodiode and an entirely new amplifier. Moreover, we introduce a home-built liquid cell and sample holder as well as a temperature-stabilized isolation chamber dedicated to low-noise imaging in liquids. The success of these modifications is measured by the reduction in the deflection sensor noise density from initially 100 fm/√Hz to around 10 fm/√Hz after modification. The performance of our instrument is demonstrated by atomically resolved images of calcite taken under liquid conditions.
液体中高分辨率调频原子力显微镜成像的一个关键问题是将频率噪声降至最低，这需要对相应的噪声贡献进行详细分析。在本文中，我们详细描述了对商用原子力显微镜（配备Nanoscope V控制器的布鲁克MultiMode V）进行改装，旨在实现环境和液体环境中的原子分辨率调频成像。我们小心地保持了原子力显微镜原有的稳定性和操作简便性。新系统基于优化的光源、新型光电二极管和全新的放大器构建而成。此外，我们引入了自制的液体池和样品架，以及一个用于液体中低噪声成像的温度稳定隔离室。这些改装的成功通过将偏转传感器噪声密度从最初的100 fm/√Hz降低到改装后的约10 fm/√Hz来衡量。我们仪器的性能通过在液体条件下拍摄的方解石原子分辨图像得到了证明。
