Chemical Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Sep 15;192(3):1388-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.06.056. Epub 2011 Jul 18.
In this study, the feasibility of the direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process to recover arsenic, uranium and fluoride contaminated saline ground waters was investigated. Two types of membranes (polypropylene, PP; and polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE) were tested to compare the permeate production rates and contaminant removal efficiencies. Several experiments were conducted to study the effect of salts, arsenic, fluoride and uranium concentrations (synthetic brackish water with salts: 1000-10,000 ppm; arsenic and uranium: 10-400 ppb; fluoride: 1-30 ppm) on the desalination efficiency. The effect of process variables such as feed flow rate, feed temperature and pore size was studied. The experimental results proved that the DCMD process is able to achieve over 99% rejection of the salts, arsenic, fluoride and uranium contaminants and produced a high quality permeate suitable for many beneficial uses. The ability to utilize the low grade heat sources makes the DCMD process a viable option to recover potable water from a variety of impaired ground waters.
本研究考察了直接接触膜蒸馏（DCMD）工艺回收砷、铀和氟污染的咸地下水的可行性。测试了两种类型的膜（聚丙烯，PP 和聚四氟乙烯，PTFE），以比较渗透物的产率和污染物的去除效率。进行了多项实验，以研究盐、砷、氟和铀浓度（含盐的人工咸水：1000-10000ppm；砷和铀：10-400ppb；氟化物：1-30ppm）对脱盐效率的影响。研究了进料流量、进料温度和孔径等工艺变量的影响。实验结果表明，DCMD 工艺能够实现对盐、砷、氟和铀污染物超过 99%的去除率，并产生高质量的渗透物，适用于许多有益的用途。利用低品位热源的能力使 DCMD 工艺成为从各种受损地下水中回收饮用水的可行选择。
