North R L
University of Maryland School of Law, Baltimore.
J Adolesc Health Care. 1990 Mar;11(2):176-87.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in adolescents has been reported in a number of studies, but little attention has been given to the potential for an epidemic spread among inner city adolescents. Voluntary HIV testing and counseling without parental consent should be available to all adolescents, especially those at high risk of infection. Although physicians may fear legal liability as a consequence of testing and counseling adolescents without parental permission, legal authority to do so exists in most jurisdictions in the United States. The sources for that authority differ from state to state. This article analyzes these sources. Requirements for confidentiality or the disclosure of test results to parents vary from state to state, but in most instances there is no authority to disclose the confidence of a minor patient who has independently consented to his or her own treatment.
多项研究报告了青少年感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的情况，但对于这种疾病在市中心青少年中流行传播的可能性却很少有人关注。应向所有青少年提供无需父母同意的自愿HIV检测和咨询服务，尤其是那些感染风险高的青少年。尽管医生可能担心未经父母许可为青少年进行检测和咨询会带来法律责任，但在美国大多数司法管辖区都存在这样做的法律依据。这种依据的来源因州而异。本文分析了这些来源。各州对于保密或向父母披露检测结果的要求各不相同，但在大多数情况下，对于已独立同意接受治疗的未成年患者，没有权力披露其隐私信息。
