Molecular monolayers as semiconducting channels in field effect transistors.

This chapter describes the fundamental study of charge transport through single layers of π-conjugated molecules organized to form the semiconducting channels of field-effect transistors (FETs). Physical and chemical methods of evaporation, Langmuir-Blodgett assembly and transfer, and self-assembly have been used by the community to realize single molecular monolayers on the gate or gate dielectric surface of FETs. Advancements in molecular design and chemical modification of FET interfaces continue to improve measured charge transport properties in FETs. These monolayer FETs have been integrated in electronic circuitry and demonstrated as chemical sensors, where they promise the ultimate in performance as the entire molecular monolayer is modulated by the applied gate field and is accessed by analytes, respectively.