Florida International University, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Miami, FL, USA.
Chemosphere. 2011 Nov;85(7):1182-6. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.07.006. Epub 2011 Aug 2.
In coastal areas, estuaries, and inland waters, dispersant use after oil spills is not allowed due to sensitivity of the ecosystems. The purpose of this study was to investigate the removal of emulsified fuel oils from brackish and pond water by dissolved air flotation (DAF) with and without use of coagulants. Experiments were conducted with a 60L DAF system. Fuel oil-water emulsions were prepared with regular unleaded gasoline, jet fuel, and diesel fuel mixed at 1:1:1 (v/v/v) ratio. Batch and continuous runs were conducted at air pressurization of 354.6kPa. During both batch and continuous modes, significant petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) removal was achieved within 10 min. Coagulant addition initially increased the PHC removal by about 5-15%. However, effectiveness of the coagulant was not significant after 20 min due to breakage of the aggregates. In general, the pond water had higher PHC removal than the brackish water. With longer run times, PHC removal improved slightly and the effluent contained increasing fractions of higher molecular weight compounds indicating that PHC removal was due to both DAF and stripping processes. Results indicate that DAF process can be effective both with and without the use of coagulants for removing PHCs from brackish and pond waters.
在沿海地区、河口和内陆水域，由于生态系统的敏感性，不允许在溢油后使用分散剂。本研究的目的是调查在不使用和使用混凝剂的情况下，通过溶解空气浮选（DAF）从咸水和池塘水中去除乳化燃料油。实验在 60L 的 DAF 系统中进行。燃料油-水乳液是用 1:1:1（v/v/v）比例混合的普通无铅汽油、喷气燃料和柴油制备的。在 354.6kPa 的加压空气下进行分批和连续运行。在批处理和连续模式下，在 10 分钟内实现了显著的石油烃（PHC）去除。添加混凝剂最初使 PHC 去除率提高了约 5-15%。然而，由于聚集体的破裂，20 分钟后混凝剂的效果不再显著。一般来说，池塘水比咸水具有更高的 PHC 去除率。随着运行时间的延长，PHC 的去除率略有提高，流出物中含有越来越多的高分子量化合物，这表明 PHC 的去除是通过 DAF 和汽提过程实现的。结果表明，DAF 工艺在不使用和使用混凝剂的情况下都能有效地从咸水和池塘水中去除 PHC。
