Bussel J B
Department of Pediatrics, New York Hospital, New York.
Pediatr Ann. 1990 Mar;19(3):181-5, 188-90, 192-3. doi: 10.3928/0090-4481-19900301-06.
There are many causes of thrombocytopenia in infants and children. With experience, they can be readily identified and appropriate treatment instituted, if required. Particular attention should be paid to the well baby with unexplained thrombocytopenia, as alloimmune thrombocytopenia is the most common cause of intracranial hemorrhage due to thrombocytopenia and can be prevented if identified and treated early on. Autoimmune thrombocytopenia of childhood is generally benign, but children may require careful management until spontaneous resolution occurs. Human immunodeficiency virus infection should be looked for in these patients.
婴幼儿血小板减少症有多种病因。凭借经验，如果需要的话，这些病因能够很容易地被识别出来并采取适当的治疗措施。对于血小板减少原因不明的健康婴儿应予以特别关注，因为同种免疫性血小板减少症是血小板减少导致颅内出血的最常见原因，若能早期识别并治疗是可以预防的。儿童自身免疫性血小板减少症一般为良性，但在自发缓解之前，患儿可能需要仔细的管理。这些患者应排查人类免疫缺陷病毒感染。
