Hu Xiaohong
Griffin Memorial Hospital, 900 E Main St, Norman, Oklahoma 73071, USA.
J Okla State Med Assoc. 2011 Feb;104(2):62-5.
Since the first report of benzodiazepine withdrawal seizure in 1961, many case reports have followed. Withdrawal seizures have occurred with short, medium, and long halflife benzodiazepine, if discontinued abruptly. Withdrawal seizures usually occur in patients who have been taking these medications for long periods of time and at high doses. Seizures have also been reported with less than 15 days of use and at therapeutic dosage. Almost all the withdrawal seizures reported were grand mal seizures. The severity of seizures range from a single episode to coma and death. Benzodiazepine dose tapering can be done faster in a hospital setting in high-dose abusers, but must be done more slowly in the outpatient setting in therapeutic dosage users.
自1961年首次报道苯二氮䓬类药物戒断性癫痫发作以来，后续又有许多病例报告。如果突然停药，短效、中效和长效半衰期的苯二氮䓬类药物都可能发生戒断性癫痫发作。戒断性癫痫发作通常发生在长期高剂量服用这些药物的患者身上。也有在使用少于15天且处于治疗剂量时发生癫痫发作的报告。几乎所有报告的戒断性癫痫发作都是全身性强直阵挛发作。癫痫发作的严重程度从单次发作到昏迷甚至死亡不等。在医院环境中，高剂量滥用者的苯二氮䓬类药物剂量可以更快地逐渐减少，但在门诊环境中，治疗剂量使用者的剂量减少必须更缓慢。
