Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States.
J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Sep 14;59(17):9448-56. doi: 10.1021/jf202049s. Epub 2011 Aug 22.
The occurrence of chlorpyrifos, diazinon, pyrethroids, and fipronil was investigated in two watersheds along the southern California coast. Paired surface water and sediment samples were collected under dry and wet (after significant rain events) weather conditions. Insecticide concentrations in water and sediment were higher following rain events than during the dry season. Chlorpyrifos was the most frequently detected compound (>88%). Pyrethroids were detected in 74 and 100% of the water and sediment samples, respectively, with bifenthrin detected most frequently. Trans-permethrin was detected at the highest concentration followed by bifenthrin. Bifenthrin and trans-permethrin water concentrations were significantly correlated (P < 0.01) with the suspended solid level, suggesting transport facilitated by suspended particles. In 80% of the wet season samples with 100% of Ceriodaphnia dubia mortality, chlorpyrifos concentrations were >100 ng L(-1). Sediment pyrethroid levels (0.5-1100 ng g(-1)) were frequently higher than the respective Hyalella azteca LC(50) values, with bifenthrin as the primary contributor of H. azteca toxicity.
研究了沿南加州海岸的两个流域中氯蜱硫磷、二嗪磷、拟除虫菊酯和氟虫腈的出现情况。在干燥和潮湿（在重大降雨事件后）天气条件下采集了配对的地表水和沉积物样本。雨后水中和沉积物中的杀虫剂浓度高于旱季。氯蜱硫磷是最常检测到的化合物（>88%）。拟除虫菊酯分别在 74%和 100%的水样和沉积物样本中被检测到，其中联苯菊酯最常被检测到。顺式氯氰菊酯的检测浓度最高，其次是联苯菊酯。联苯菊酯和顺式氯氰菊酯的水浓度与悬浮固体水平呈显著相关（P < 0.01），表明悬浮颗粒促进了它们的传输。在 100%的水蚤死亡率为 100%的湿季样本中，氯蜱硫磷浓度>100ng/L。沉积物中拟除虫菊酯的浓度（0.5-1100ng/g）经常高于相应的水蚤 LC50 值，其中联苯菊酯是水蚤毒性的主要贡献者。
