Fernández-Dávila Percy, Zaragoza Lorca Kati
Stop Sida, Barcelona, España.
Gac Sanit. 2011 Sep-Oct;25(5):372-8. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2011.05.012. Epub 2011 Aug 6.
To compare variables associated with the risk of HIV among men ≤ 25 years old who have sex with men (YMSM) and those >25 years old, and to determine the variables associated with unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) in YMSM with casual sexual partners.
For 1 month, 485 participants ≤ 25 years old and 1,470 aged >25 years old completed a pen-and-paper survey carried out in gay venues (GV) or via the Internet in Madrid, Barcelona, Bilbao and San Sebastián (Spain). The survey investigated sexual behaviors in the past 3 months according to whether the men met sexual partners in GV (SPGV) or on the Internet (SPI).
No significant differences were found between YMSM and those >25 years old with respect to UAI with SPGV (23% vs. 30%, p>0.05) and SPI (29% vs. 30%, p>0.05), condom use in the last anal intercourse and having had a sexually-transmitted infection (STI) in the last year (19% vs. 23%, p>0.05). However, respondents>25 years old had a higher average number of SPGV (9.2 vs. 7, p<0.05) and SPI (8.9 vs. 6.4, p<0.05), were more likely to have used drugs while having UAI (68% vs. 55%, p<0.05, with SPI, and 73% vs. 55%, p<0.05, with SPGV) and had a higher prevalence of HIV (11% vs. 4%, p<0.05). When exploring other variables, we found that YMSM more frequently had receptive UAI with SPI (73% vs. 57%, p<0.05), had less time to be in a stable relationship, and their sexual partner more frequently convinced them to have UAI (8% vs. 0%, p<0.05). In multivariate analysis, UAI in YMSM with casual sexual partners was not associated with any of the variables.
YMSM do not constitute a group at increased risk of HIV/STI infection compared with respondents >25 years old. However, there are some variables could contribute to vulnerability in this group.
比较25岁及以下男男性行为者（YMSM）和25岁以上男男性行为者中与HIV风险相关的变量，并确定与有临时性伴侣的YMSM发生无保护肛交（UAI）相关的变量。
在1个月内，485名25岁及以下参与者和1470名25岁以上参与者完成了在西班牙马德里、巴塞罗那、毕尔巴鄂和圣塞瓦斯蒂安的同性恋场所（GV）或通过互联网进行的纸笔调查。该调查根据男性是在GV（SPGV）还是在互联网（SPI）上结识性伴侣，调查了他们过去3个月的性行为。
在与SPGV发生UAI方面（23%对30%，p>0.05）以及与SPI发生UAI方面（29%对30%，p>0.05），YMSM和25岁以上者之间未发现显著差异，在最近一次性肛交中使用避孕套情况以及过去一年感染性传播感染（STI）情况方面（19%对23%，p>0.05）也未发现显著差异。然而，25岁以上的受访者平均SPGV数量更多（9.2对7，p<0.05），平均SPI数量更多（8.9对6.4，p<0.05），在发生UAI时更有可能使用毒品（与SPI发生UAI时为68%对55%，p<0.05；与SPGV发生UAI时为73%对55%，p<0.05），且HIV感染率更高（分别为11%和4%，p<0.05）。在探究其他变量时，我们发现YMSM与SPI发生接受性UAI的频率更高（73%对57%，p<0.05），处于稳定关系的时间更短，且其性伴侣更频繁地说服他们进行UAI（8%对0%，p<0.05）。在多变量分析中，有临时性伴侣的YMSM发生UAI与任何变量均无关联。
与25岁以上的受访者相比，YMSM并非HIV/STI感染风险增加的群体。然而，有一些变量可能导致该群体易感染。
