Unit of Epidemiology and Diagnosis in Developmental Psychopathology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
Child Abuse Negl. 2011 Jul;35(7):524-31. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.03.006. Epub 2011 Aug 6.
Psychological maltreatment (PM) is the most prevalent form of child abuse, and is the core component of most of what is considered as child maltreatment. The aim of this work was to explore differential adverse outcomes of the different types of PM in the mental health and functioning of children living in homes in which they are exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV).
Participants were 168 children, aged between 4 and 17, whose mothers experienced IPV. They were assessed using different measures of psychopathology and functioning: Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-IV, Child Behavior Checklists and Child and Adolescent Functioning Assessment Scale. Furthermore, IPV was assessed with the Schedule for Assessment of Intimate Partner Violence Exposure in Children and the Index of Spouse Abuse. Statistical analyses were carried out with regression models adjusted by means of Generalized Estimating Equations.
Spurning was the PM subtype with the greatest global effect on the children, as it was significantly associated with internalizing and externalizing problems. Denying emotional responsiveness specifically increased the risk of internalizing psychopathology and impairment in the emotional area. Terrorizing was not significantly associated with a greater number of negative outcomes in children's psychopathology or functioning in this population.
The results suggest the importance of taking PM types into account in order to fully understand the problems of children exposed to IPV at home, and for the design of effective treatment and prevention programs.
心理虐待（PM）是最常见的虐待儿童形式，也是大多数被认为是虐待儿童的核心组成部分。本研究旨在探讨在遭受亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的家庭中，儿童所经历的不同类型的 PM 对其心理健康和功能的不同不良后果。
参与者为 168 名年龄在 4 至 17 岁之间的儿童，其母亲经历过 IPV。他们使用不同的精神病理学和功能评估措施进行评估：儿童诊断访谈-IV、儿童行为检查表和儿童和青少年功能评估量表。此外，还使用儿童亲密伴侣暴力暴露评估时间表和配偶虐待指数来评估 IPV。通过广义估计方程调整的回归模型进行统计分析。
轻蔑是对儿童影响最大的 PM 亚型，因为它与内化和外化问题显著相关。具体来说，否认情感反应会增加内化精神病理学和情感领域受损的风险。在该人群中，恐吓与儿童精神病理学或功能的更多负面结果之间没有显著关联。
这些结果表明，为了全面了解在家中遭受 IPV 的儿童的问题，以及为有效治疗和预防计划的设计，考虑 PM 类型的重要性。
