Rübben H, Vom Dorp F
Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen, Germany.
Urologe A. 2011 Sep;50 Suppl 1:176-8. doi: 10.1007/s00120-011-2669-5.
Various study groups are working on the WHO classification of 2004 which eliminates the previous grades of differentiation G1, G2, and G3 and classifies non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer into genetically stable low-grade and genetically unstable high-grade urothelial carcinomas. In muscle-invasive bladder cancer, extended lymph node dissection as part of radical cystectomy should remain the standard procedure for now.
多个研究小组正在研究世界卫生组织2004年的分类方法，该方法取消了之前的分化等级G1、G2和G3，并将非肌层浸润性膀胱癌分为基因稳定的低级别和基因不稳定的高级别尿路上皮癌。在肌层浸润性膀胱癌中，作为根治性膀胱切除术一部分的扩大淋巴结清扫目前仍应是标准手术。
