Jackson R
a EpiCentre, Institute of Veterinary Animal and Biomedical Sciences , Massey University , Palmerston North E-mail:
N Z Vet J. 2002 Jan 1;50(sup3):49-52. doi: 10.1080/00480169.2002.36267.
Abstract Extract Tuberculosis control programmes directed at farmed livestock are complicated by the natural occurrence of the disease in wildlife species in New Zealand. A steadily increasing incidence of infected herds during the 1980s led to a centrally organised research programme to investigate key issues and to test the many popular but largely anecdote-based hypotheses about tuberculosis in wildlife prevalent at the time. The resulting research effort has clarified many aspects of the role of wildlife, the nature of the disease in individual species, and their interaction with livestock. The epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis in wildlife has been extensively reviewed (Morris et al 1994; Morris and Pfeiffer 1995; Clifton-Hadley et al 2000; Coleman and Cooke 2001; de Lisle et al 2001). This paper examines evidence for the part that wildlife hosts of M. bovis play in maintaining New Zealand's endemic status, and briefly summarises new opportunities for control designed to reduce transmission probabilities for wildlife and livestock.
摘要 摘要 针对养殖家畜的结核病防控计划因新西兰野生动物中自然发生该疾病而变得复杂。20世纪80年代，感染畜群的发病率稳步上升，这促使开展了一项由中央组织的研究计划，以调查关键问题，并检验当时许多关于野生动物结核病的流行但大多基于轶事的假设。由此产生的研究工作阐明了野生动物的作用、个别物种中疾病的性质以及它们与家畜的相互作用等许多方面。牛分枝杆菌在野生动物中的流行病学已得到广泛综述（莫里斯等人，1994年；莫里斯和 Pfeiffer，1995年；克利夫顿 - 哈德利等人，2000年；科尔曼和库克，2001年；德利斯尔等人，2001年）。本文研究了牛分枝杆菌野生动物宿主在维持新西兰地方病状态中所起作用的证据，并简要总结了为降低野生动物和家畜传播概率而设计的新的防控机会。
