Tsai Jack, Edens Ellen L, Rosenheck Robert A
VA New England Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center and the VA Connecticut Healthcare System, USA.
J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2011 Aug;22(3):853-70. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2011.0081.
Studies of chronically homeless adults have not adequately investigated the impact of adverse childhood experiences. The current retrospective, longitudinal study profiles the childhood experiences reported by 738 participants in an 11-site supported housing initiative and examines how their childhood profile is related to their homeless history, their psychosocial status before entry into supported housing, and their outcomes once enrolled in supported housing. A two-step cluster analysis revealed three childhood profiles: Relatively Numerous Childhood Problems, Disrupted Family, and Relatively Few Childhood Problems. Results found that participants with Relatively Numerous Childhood Problems were significantly younger when they were first homeless and had worse drug use before entry into supported housing than other participants. There were no differences in housing, substance use, or mental and physical health outcomes once participants were enrolled in supported housing. Prevention of homelessness should focus, to the extent possible, on individuals with extensive childhood problems.
对长期无家可归成年人的研究尚未充分调查童年不良经历的影响。当前这项回顾性纵向研究描述了参与一项11个地点支持性住房计划的738名参与者所报告的童年经历，并考察了他们的童年经历概况如何与他们的无家可归历史、进入支持性住房之前的心理社会状况以及进入支持性住房后的结果相关。两步聚类分析揭示了三种童年经历概况：童年问题相对较多、家庭破裂、童年问题相对较少。结果发现，童年问题相对较多的参与者首次无家可归时年龄显著更小，且进入支持性住房之前的药物使用情况比其他参与者更糟。参与者进入支持性住房后，在住房、物质使用或身心健康结果方面没有差异。无家可归的预防应尽可能关注童年问题广泛的个体。
