el-Dahr S S, Chevalier R L
Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 1990 Apr;37(2):323-36. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36871-7.
The preterm baby, although less able to tolerate high fluid and solute loads, has a remarkable ability to adapt to a rather broad range of environmental challenges, and thus renal function in the preterm infant should no longer be considered impaired. Lower rather than higher fluid administration is the current trend in neonatal care because it is safer and more physiologic. Although changes in body weight over time provide a good indicator of water balance, determination of plasma and urine electrolytes and tonicity are also essential in the monitoring of fluid therapy in preterm infants.
尽管早产儿对高液体和溶质负荷的耐受性较低，但它具有显著的能力来适应相当广泛的环境挑战，因此早产儿的肾功能不应再被视为受损。在新生儿护理中，目前的趋势是给予较低而非较高的液体量，因为这样更安全且更符合生理状态。虽然体重随时间的变化是水平衡的良好指标，但在监测早产儿的液体治疗时，测定血浆和尿液电解质以及渗透压也至关重要。
