Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, 725 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305-5913, USA.
Pediatr Radiol. 2011 Sep;41 Suppl 2:555-61. doi: 10.1007/s00247-011-2107-2. Epub 2011 Aug 17.
A major goal of imaging is to obtain the correct examination to answer the clinical questions with the lowest possible radiation exposure. While CT examination provides essential information in many cases, other modalities that do not entail ionizing radiation exposure may be appropriate substitutes either as an initial screening study or as an alternative to CT. US has become a valuable imaging tool in children encompassing many different clinical scenarios. This manuscript highlights some of the less well-accepted applications of US as the first imaging study in pediatric patients, especially in the emergency room environment. These include evaluation of suspected appendicitis, abdominal mass, pleural effusion/empyema, thymic abnormality vs. mediastinal mass and extremity soft-tissue mass or vessel patency. Adoption of US imaging as a problem-solving tool for issues such as these requires appropriate allocation of resources to ensure high-quality performance and interpretation of pediatric US studies around the clock.
成像的主要目标是获得正确的检查，以用尽可能低的辐射暴露来回答临床问题。虽然 CT 检查在许多情况下提供了重要信息，但其他不涉及电离辐射暴露的方式可能是合适的替代方法，无论是作为初始筛选研究还是作为 CT 的替代方法。US 在涵盖许多不同临床情况的儿童中已成为一种有价值的成像工具。本文强调了 US 在儿科患者中作为首次成像研究的一些不太被广泛接受的应用，特别是在急诊环境中。这些应用包括评估疑似阑尾炎、腹部肿块、胸腔积液/积脓、胸腺异常与纵隔肿块以及四肢软组织肿块或血管通畅性。为了确保儿科 US 研究的高质量表现和解释，需要适当地分配资源，将 US 成像作为解决这些问题的工具。
