Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Lancet Neurol. 2011 Sep;10(9):853-64. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70170-3.
Neuroschistosomiasis, referring to schistosomal involvement of the CNS, when symptomatic, is a severe disorder in which prognosis depends largely on early diagnosis and treatment. It is an underdiagnosed disorder, but has been increasingly reported in populations in endemic areas and in tourists. CNS involvement can occur at any time during schistosomal infection. Both the brain and the spinal cord can be affected. Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium usually cause myelopathy, whereas Schistosoma japonicum usually causes encephalic disease. There are substantial differences in the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and outcome of the neurological disorder, depending on the phase and clinical form of schistosomiasis in which it occurs.
神经血吸虫病是指中枢神经系统（CNS）的血吸虫病累及，如果出现症状，是一种严重的疾病，其预后在很大程度上取决于早期诊断和治疗。这是一种诊断不足的疾病，但在流行地区的人群和游客中越来越多地被报道。CNS 受累可发生在血吸虫感染的任何时候。脑和脊髓均可受累。曼氏血吸虫和埃及血吸虫通常引起脊髓病，而日本血吸虫通常引起脑部疾病。根据发生的血吸虫病的阶段和临床形式，神经障碍的发病机制、临床表现和结果有很大差异。
