Calcium and vitamin D requirements for optimal bone mass during adolescence.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

There remains very strong interest in the calcium and vitamin D requirements of adolescents related to bone health. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) released new dietary guidelines in late 2010 for these nutrients. These guidelines were primarily based on literature published in 2009 and earlier and emphasized the role of vitamin D combined with calcium in optimizing bone health. A series of research studies published in 2010 and 2011, mostly not included in the IOM report, have further addressed these issues.

RECENT FINDINGS

These most recently published data are generally consistent with the IOM report and earlier data in supporting calcium intakes of 1300 mg/day and vitamin D intakes of 600 IU/day for adolescents. However, there is some suggestion that a slightly higher Recommended Dietary Allowance for vitamin D might be considered at some future time.

SUMMARY

New dietary guidelines and recent research support increased vitamin D intakes compared with previous recommendations, but not very high doses. Further studies are needed related to high-dose vitamin D intake.