Research Center for Environmental Risk, National Institute for Environmental Studies (Independent Administrative Institution), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture 305-8506, Japan.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2011 Oct;74(7):1808-23. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.07.003. Epub 2011 Aug 17.
This study sought to validate Japan's zinc water quality standard for aquatic life (algae and benthic invertebrates) based on field survey data. The effects of zinc on aquatic life, especially algae and benthic invertebrates, were investigated mainly in water areas with upstream basins that contain mines. Seven biological indicators (number of cells or individuals, number of taxa, number of EPT taxa, number of collector-gatherer taxa of benthic invertebrates, and Simpson index, Shannon-Weiner index, and Margalef index for algae and benthic invertebrates) were analyzed with respect to zinc concentrations and the zinc toxic equivalent quantity (Zn-TEQ), and additive contribution from other metals was assumed. The results showed that the number of taxa of algae and benthic invertebrates significantly decreased with increases in zinc concentration and Zn-TEQ. For benthic invertebrates, six of the metrics (all except the number of individuals) tended to decrease with increases in zinc concentration and Zn-TEQ. The effect level of biocenosis (ELB) was defined as the concentration at which the metrics decrease significantly with Wilcoxon's rank sum test. The ELB calculated for zinc was in the range of 16-54 μg/L for zinc concentration and 38-50 μg/L for Zn-TEQ; thus, Japan's environmental zinc standard for the protection of aquatic life, at 30 μg/L, was found to be a level consistent with these results.
本研究旨在基于野外调查数据，验证日本水生生物（藻类和底栖无脊椎动物）的锌水质标准。主要在含有矿山的上游流域的水域中，调查了锌对水生生物，特别是藻类和底栖无脊椎动物的影响。分析了 7 种生物指标（藻类和底栖无脊椎动物的细胞或个体数量、分类群数量、EPT 分类群数量、底栖无脊椎动物的收集者分类群数量、辛普森指数、香农-威纳指数和玛格丽夫指数）与锌浓度和锌毒性等效量（Zn-TEQ）之间的关系，并假设了其他金属的附加贡献。结果表明，藻类和底栖无脊椎动物的分类群数量随着锌浓度和 Zn-TEQ 的增加而显著减少。对于底栖无脊椎动物，除个体数量外的六个指标（所有指标）均随着锌浓度和 Zn-TEQ 的增加而呈下降趋势。生物群落的效应水平（ELB）定义为指标因威尔科克森秩和检验而显著下降的浓度。锌的 ELB 计算结果为锌浓度为 16-54μg/L，Zn-TEQ 为 38-50μg/L；因此，日本保护水生生物的环境锌标准为 30μg/L，与这些结果一致。
