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东帝汶的爬行动物区系：首次报告。

The herpetofauna of Timor-Leste: a first report.

作者信息

Kaiser Hinrich, Carvalho Venancio Lopes, Ceballos Jester, Freed Paul, Heacox Scott, Lester Barbara, Richards Stephen J, Trainor Colin R, Sanchez Caitlin, O'Shea Mark

机构信息

Department of Biology, Victor Valley College, 18422 Bear Valley Road, Victorville, California 92395, USA; and The Foundation for Post-Conflict Development, 245 Park Avenue, 24th Floor, New York, New York 10167, USA.

出版信息

Zookeys. 2011(109):19-86. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.109.1439. Epub 2011 Jun 20.

DOI:10.3897/zookeys.109.1439
PMID:21852932
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3118819/
Abstract

Fieldwork conducted throughout Timor-Leste in September 2004 and July 2009 resulted in a collection or recording of 263 herpetological specimens (100 amphibians, 163 reptiles), comprising at least seven species of frogs and toads, 20 species of lizards, seven species of snakes, two species of turtles, and one species of crocodile. Among the amphibians, the most frequently encountered species were toads (Duttaphrynus melanostictus), rice paddy frogs (genus Fejervarya), and rhacophorid treefrogs (Polypedates cf. leucomystax). All three variants of rice paddy frogs encountered represent undescribed species similar to Fejervarya verruculosa from neighboring Wetar Island. Records of Fejervarya cancrivora and Fejervarya limnocharis for Timor Island are apparently errors based on misidentification. We obtained voucher specimens for a total of 147 lizards and voucher photographs only for four specimens of Varanus timorensis. Aside from geckos frequently associated with human habitations (e.g., Gehyra mutilata, Gekko gecko, Hemidactylus frenatus, Hemidactylus platyurus), we discovered an as yet undescribed species of bent-toed gecko, genus Cyrtodactylus, in the Same valley. Our specimens of Hemidactylus platyurus are the first record of this species from Timor-Leste. Commonly encountered skinks included four-fingered skinks (genus Carlia), wedge skinks (genus Sphenomorphus), and night skinks (genus Eremiascincus). Notable among the 15 snakes collected was the frequency of pitvipers (Cryptelytrops insularis), which amounted to over 25% of all snakes. Our specimen of the wolfsnake Lycodon subcinctus is the first record of this species for Timor-Leste. Based on these findings, it appears that the biodiversity of amphibians and reptiles in this remote corner of Wallacea is much greater than previously thought, particularly with respect to scincid lizards. The detail we provide in the species accounts is designed to allow the use of this report as a preliminary field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of Timor-Leste. However, survey work is ongoing.

摘要

2004年9月和2009年7月在东帝汶各地开展的实地考察共采集或记录了263个爬行类和两栖类标本（100个两栖动物、163个爬行动物），包括至少7种青蛙和蟾蜍、20种蜥蜴、7种蛇、2种龟以及1种鳄鱼。在两栖动物中，最常遇到的物种是蟾蜍（黑眶蟾蜍）、稻田蛙（费氏姬蛙属）和树蛙科树蛙（近似斑腿泛树蛙）。所遇到的三种稻田蛙变种均代表与邻近的韦塔尔岛疣背费氏姬蛙相似的未描述物种。帝汶岛关于食蟹姬蛙和泽陆蛙的记录显然是基于错误鉴定的错误记录。我们共获得了147只蜥蜴的凭证标本，仅为帝汶巨蜥的4个标本拍摄了凭证照片。除了经常与人类居住地相关的壁虎（如截趾虎、蛤蚧、斑睑虎、扁尾睑虎）外，我们在萨梅山谷发现了一种尚未描述的弯趾壁虎（弯趾虎属）。我们的扁尾睑虎标本是该物种在东帝汶的首次记录。常见的石龙子包括四指石龙子（卡氏石龙子属）、楔齿石龙子（棱蜥属）和夜石龙子（荒漠石龙子属）。在采集的15条蛇中，值得注意的是蝮蛇（岛蝮）的出现频率，占所有蛇类的25%以上。我们的白链蛇标本是该物种在东帝汶的首次记录。基于这些发现，看来华莱士线这个偏远角落的两栖动物和爬行动物的生物多样性比以前认为的要丰富得多，特别是就石龙子科蜥蜴而言。我们在物种描述中提供的细节旨在使本报告可作为东帝汶两栖动物和爬行动物的初步野外指南。然而，调查工作仍在进行中。

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