Department of Plastic Surgery, Luiz Haroldo Clinic, Rua Xavier da Silveira 45/206, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2012 Apr;36(2):295-302. doi: 10.1007/s00266-011-9799-4. Epub 2011 Aug 19.
The shape of the calf is determined by the development of the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles, the length and orientation of the crural bones, and the distribution of subcutaneous fat. Some people have a naturally thin or underdeveloped calf that remains small despite exercise. Calf augmentation is indicated for cosmetic reasons or for reconstruction of a shrunken lower leg resulting from injury, illness, or congenital disability.
A total of 53 consecutive patients (40 women and 13 men) had surgery for calf augmentation between January 2004 and January 2007. The patients ranged in age from 25 to 51 years (mean, 29.5 years). All the patients included in the study requested calf augmentation for aesthetic purposes. Asymmetric-base silicone elastomer smooth-surface implants were used. Overall satisfaction after silicone calf augmentation was rated on a scale of 1 (poor), 2 (fair), 3 (good), 4 (very good), and 5 (excellent). All the patients had surgery by the same team of surgeons (L.H.P., A.S., B.N.). The evaluation was made at follow-up office consultations after 1 year. The total mean follow-up time was 4.4 years.
In this study, 53 bilateral calf augmentations were performed, for a total of 106 procedures. The 125-ml implant was used in 37 bilateral cases, the 70-ml implant in 10 cases; and the 175-ml implant in 6 cases. In three cases, unilateral seroma formation needed to be drained by a partial skin incision opening. There were no cases of infection or hematoma. Hypertrophic scar was observed in four patients bilaterally. One patient requested removal of the implants, and the procedure was performed on an outpatient basis. There were no cases of compartment syndrome or deep vein thrombosis, and no pulmonary embolisms occurred. There were no cases of rotation or displacement of the implant. At 12 months, 73% of the patients rated their appearance after calf augmentation as "very good" to "excellent," and 19% responded that their appearance was "good." Only 8% of the patients thought their appearance was less than good. At this writing, the average follow-up time for this group of patients has been 3.4 years.
Calf augmentation by silicone-filled implants for cosmetic purposes appears to be effective, safe, and aesthetically pleasing, with minor side effects.
小腿的形状由比目鱼肌和腓肠肌的发育、小腿骨的长度和方向以及皮下脂肪的分布决定。有些人天生小腿较细或发育不良，即使经过锻炼，小腿也仍然很小。小腿增粗术是出于美容原因或因受伤、疾病或先天残疾导致小腿萎缩而进行的重建。
2004 年 1 月至 2007 年 1 月期间，共有 53 例连续患者（40 名女性和 13 名男性）接受了小腿增粗术。患者年龄 25 岁至 51 岁（平均 29.5 岁）。所有入组患者均因美容原因要求进行小腿增粗术。使用不对称基底硅酮弹性体光滑表面植入物。使用 1（差）、2（一般）、3（好）、4（很好）和 5（优秀）的评分系统对硅胶小腿增粗术后的总体满意度进行评分。所有患者均由同一组外科医生（L.H.P.、A.S.、B.N.）进行手术。在术后 1 年的随访办公室就诊时进行评估。总平均随访时间为 4.4 年。
本研究中，53 例双侧小腿增粗术，共进行 106 次手术。37 例双侧使用 125ml 植入物，10 例使用 70ml 植入物，6 例使用 175ml 植入物。3 例发生单侧血清肿，需要通过部分皮肤切开引流。无感染或血肿病例。4 例患者双侧出现肥厚性瘢痕。1 例患者要求取出植入物，在门诊进行了该手术。无筋膜间室综合征或深静脉血栓形成病例，也无肺栓塞病例。无植入物旋转或移位病例。12 个月时，73%的患者对小腿增粗术后的外观评价为“非常好”至“优秀”，19%的患者表示外观“良好”。只有 8%的患者认为自己的外观“不太好”。截至本文撰写时，该组患者的平均随访时间为 3.4 年。
硅胶填充植入物用于美容目的的小腿增粗术似乎是有效、安全且美观的，副作用较小。
