巴西家庭健康计划从业者对镰状细胞病的认知：一项描述性、横断面研究。
Knowledge of family health program practitioners in Brazil about sickle cell disease: a descriptive, cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of Nursing, State University of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
出版信息
BMC Fam Pract. 2011 Aug 19;12:89. doi: 10.1186/1471-2296-12-89.
BACKGROUND
Although sickle cell disease is an important public health problem in Brazil, there is a gap in the literature on the level of knowledge of primary health care professionals about the treatment and management of sickle cell disease. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge about sickle cell disease of physicians and nurses who work in the Family Health Program in a region of Brazil with a high prevalence of this disease.
METHODS
This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted at the municipality of Montes Claros, in the north of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Study participants included 96 physicians and nurses who work at the Family Health Program in an urban area of the city. Data was collected using an original, partially tested questionnaire based on health care check points for children with sickle cell disease established in educational protocols from the State Health Secretary of Minas Gerais and the Ministry of Health. The structured questionnaire contained 47 questions addressing three axes: epidemiology (8 questions); clinical manifestations (13 questions); and management of children with sickle cell disease (26 questions). Knowledge was measured through mean correct responses to proposed questions. Ethical principles were respected and this project was approved by the Committee of Ethics in Research.
RESULTS
59.4% (57) of the study participants were nurses and 40.6% (39) were physicians. The median length of training and median length of service in primary health care were 4.3 (2.8-8.0) years and 4.0 (2.0-7.1) years, respectively. The mean performance in knowledge tests was < 75%, with 5.7/8 (SD = 1.4) for the "epidemiology" questions; 8.6/13 (SD = 2.2) for "clinical manifestations"; and 17.0/26 (SD = 2.9) for "management of children with sickle cell disease" questions; resulting in a mean total of 31.4/47 (SD = 5.10) correct responses. A statistically significant association was found between the number of correct responses and family health care qualifications (p = 0.015).
CONCLUSION
There is an urgent need to improve primary health care professional training in the care of children with sickle cell disease.
背景
尽管镰状细胞病是巴西的一个重要公共卫生问题，但初级保健专业人员对镰状细胞病治疗和管理的知识水平方面的文献仍存在空白。因此，本研究旨在评估在巴西一个镰状细胞病高发地区工作的家庭健康计划中的医生和护士对镰状细胞病的知识水平。
方法
这是一项在巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州北部蒙蒂斯克拉鲁斯市进行的描述性、横断面研究。研究参与者包括在该市城区的家庭健康计划中工作的 96 名医生和护士。数据是使用原始的、部分经过测试的问卷收集的，该问卷基于米纳斯吉拉斯州和卫生部制定的儿童镰状细胞病保健检查点的教育协议。结构化问卷包含 47 个问题，涉及三个轴：流行病学（8 个问题）；临床表现（13 个问题）；和镰状细胞病儿童的管理（26 个问题）。知识通过对提出的问题的平均正确回答来衡量。尊重伦理原则，该项目获得了研究伦理委员会的批准。
结果
研究参与者中 59.4%（57 人）为护士，40.6%（39 人）为医生。培训的中位数长度和初级保健服务的中位数长度分别为 4.3（2.8-8.0）年和 4.0（2.0-7.1）年。知识测试的平均表现低于 75%，其中“流行病学”问题为 5.7/8（SD = 1.4）；“临床表现”为 8.6/13（SD = 2.2）；“镰状细胞病儿童管理”问题为 17.0/26（SD = 2.9）；总分为 31.4/47（SD = 5.10）正确答案。正确答案的数量与家庭保健资格之间存在统计学显著关联（p = 0.015）。
结论
迫切需要提高初级保健专业人员对镰状细胞病儿童护理的培训。
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