Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého 1-3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
Int J Parasitol. 2011 Sep;41(11):1113-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.06.010. Epub 2011 Aug 2.
The isolated ecosystem of Rubondo Island National Park, Tanzania is an interesting model site, inhabited by an assembly of primate species with various histories: two introduced primate species, Pantroglodytes (chimpanzee) and Colobus guereza (colobus), and a single indigenous species Chlorocebus aethiops pygerythrus (vervet monkey). Apart from important lessons for future introduction/re-introduction projects, Rubondo National Park offers a unique place to study the patterns of transmission of primate parasites and their host specificity. Blastocystis was detected using standard microscopy, together with PCR-based determination and the prevalence and subtype identification of Blastocystis was determined in each primate species. Subtype (ST) 1 was detected in all three Rubondo primate populations; ST2, ST3 and ST5 were found in colobus and vervet monkeys. All chimpanzee isolates of Blastocystis belonged exclusively to ST1, which formed a discrete group, suggesting that Rubondo chimpanzees are colonized by a single, host-specific Blastocystis strain that circulates among the members of the group. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that transmission of Blastocystis did not occur between Rubondo primate populations. Observed host specificity of Blastocystis provides a new understanding of the transmission and distribution of Blastocystis among sympatric hosts under natural conditions.
坦桑尼亚伦多洛岛国家公园的孤立生态系统是一个有趣的模式地点，栖息着各种历史的灵长类物种组合：两种引入的灵长类物种，Pantroglodytes（黑猩猩）和 Colobus guereza（疣猴），以及一种单一的本地物种 Chlorocebus aethiops pygerythrus（绿长尾猴）。除了为未来的引入/再引入项目提供重要的经验教训外，伦多洛国家公园还为研究灵长类寄生虫的传播模式及其宿主特异性提供了一个独特的场所。使用标准显微镜检测 Blastocystis，同时进行基于 PCR 的确定，并确定每种灵长类动物中 Blastocystis 的流行率和亚型识别。在伦多洛的三种灵长类动物种群中均检测到 ST1；在疣猴和绿长尾猴中发现了 ST2、ST3 和 ST5。Blastocystis 的所有黑猩猩分离株仅属于 ST1，形成一个离散的组，表明伦多洛黑猩猩被一种单一的、宿主特异性的 Blastocystis 菌株定植，该菌株在群体成员中传播。系统发育分析表明，Blastocystis 的传播没有发生在伦多洛灵长类动物种群之间。Blastocystis 的观察到的宿主特异性为在自然条件下共生宿主中的 Blastocystis 的传播和分布提供了新的认识。
