Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada.
J Anim Sci. 2012 Jan;90(1):171-83. doi: 10.2527/jas.2011-4229. Epub 2011 Aug 19.
The molecular mechanisms that regulate fat deposition in bovine adipose tissue have not been well studied. To elucidate the genes and gene networks involved in bovine fat development, transcriptional profiles of backfat (BF) tissues from Hereford × Aberdeen Angus (HEAN, n = 6) and Charolais × Red Angus (CHRA, n = 6) steers with high or low BF thickness were characterized by digital gene expression-tag profiling. Approximately 9.8 to 21.9 million tags were obtained for each library, and a total of 18,034 genes were identified. In total, 650 genes were found to be differentially expressed, with a greater than 1.5-fold difference between the 2 crossbreds (Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate ≤ 0.05). The majority of differentially expressed genes that were more highly expressed in CHRA vs. HEAN were associated with development, whereas the differentially expressed genes with greater expression in HEAN vs. CHRA were overrepresented in biological processes such as metabolism and immune response. Thirty-six and 152 differentially expressed genes were detected between animals with high (n = 3) and low (n = 3) BF thickness in HEAN and CHRA, respectively (Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate ≤0.05). The differentially expressed genes between high and low groups in CHRA were related to cell proliferation and development processes. In addition, lipid metabolism was 1 of the top 5 molecular and cellular functions identified in both crossbreds. Ten and 17 differentially expressed genes were found to be involved in fat metabolism in HEAN and CHRA, respectively. Genes associated with obesity, such as PTX3 (pentraxin 3, long) and SERPINE1 (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1), were more highly expressed (P < 0.05) in the subset of CHRA animals with greater BF thickness. Our study revealed that the expression patterns of genes in BF tissues differed depending on the genetic background of the cattle.
牛脂肪组织中脂肪沉积的调控分子机制尚未得到很好的研究。为了阐明与牛脂肪发育相关的基因和基因网络，本研究通过数字基因表达标签谱分析，对背膘厚（BF）较高和较低的海福特牛×安格斯牛（HEAN，n = 6）和夏洛莱牛×红安格斯牛（CHRA，n = 6）杂种牛的背脂肪组织进行了转录谱分析。每个文库获得约 980 万至 2190 万个标签，共鉴定出 18034 个基因。共发现 650 个差异表达基因，2 个杂交种之间的差异大于 1.5 倍（Benjamini-Hochberg 假发现率≤0.05）。在 CHRA 中比 HEAN 表达更高的差异表达基因主要与发育有关，而在 HEAN 中比 CHRA 表达更高的差异表达基因在代谢和免疫反应等生物学过程中表达更高。在 HEAN 和 CHRA 中，高（n = 3）和低（n = 3）BF 厚度的个体之间分别检测到 36 个和 152 个差异表达基因（Benjamini-Hochberg 假发现率≤0.05）。CHRA 中高、低组之间的差异表达基因与细胞增殖和发育过程有关。此外，脂质代谢是两个杂交种中排名前 5 的分子和细胞功能之一。在 HEAN 和 CHRA 中分别发现了 10 个和 17 个与脂肪代谢相关的差异表达基因。与肥胖相关的基因，如 PTX3（五聚素 3，长）和 SERPINE1（丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，E 族成员 1），在 BF 厚度较大的 CHRA 动物亚群中表达更高（P < 0.05）。本研究表明，BF 组织中基因的表达模式取决于牛的遗传背景。
