Arese Marco, Serini Guido, Bussolino Federico
Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy.
Int J Dev Biol. 2011;55(4-5):439-45. doi: 10.1387/ijdb.103242ma.
The vascular and nervous systems are organized with well defined and accurate networks, which represent the anatomical structure enabling their functions. In recent years, it has been clearly demonstrated that these two systems share in common several mechanisms and specificities. For instance, the networking properties of the nervous and vascular systems are governed by common cues that in the brain regulate axon connections and in the vasculature remodel the primitive plexus towards the vascular tree. Here, we summarize the role of semaphorins as a paradigmatic example of the role of axon guidance molecules in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Finally, we discuss the presence in blood vessels of neurexin and neuroligin, two proteins that finely modulate synaptic activity in the brain. This observation is suggestive of an intriguing new class of molecular and functional parallels between neurons and vascular cells.
血管系统和神经系统由定义明确且精确的网络构成，这些网络代表了实现其功能的解剖结构。近年来，已明确证实这两个系统具有若干共同的机制和特性。例如，神经和血管系统的网络特性受共同线索调控，这些线索在大脑中调节轴突连接，在脉管系统中使原始丛状结构重塑为血管树。在此，我们总结了信号素作为轴突导向分子在生理性和病理性血管生成中作用的典型例子的作用。最后，我们讨论了血管中存在的接触蛋白和neuroligin，这两种蛋白可精细调节大脑中的突触活动。这一观察结果提示神经元和血管细胞之间存在一类有趣的新的分子和功能相似性。
