RNA Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Expert Rev Respir Med. 2011 Aug;5(4):515-26. doi: 10.1586/ers.11.32.
In children under 5 years of age, human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) as a group are the second most common etiology of acute respiratory illness leading to hospitalization, surpassed only by respiratory syncytial virus but ahead of influenza viruses. Using reverse genetics systems for HPIV serotypes 1, 2 and 3 (HPIV1, 2 and 3), several live-attenuated HPIVs have been generated and evaluated as intranasal vaccines in adults and in children. Two vaccines against HPIV3 were found to be well tolerated, infectious and immunogenic in Phase I trials in HPIV3-seronegative infants and children and should progress to proof-of-concept trials. Vaccines against HPIV1 and HPIV2 are less advanced and have just entered pediatric trials.
在 5 岁以下儿童中，人副流感病毒（HPIV）是导致住院的急性呼吸道疾病的第二大常见病因，仅次于呼吸道合胞病毒，但优于流感病毒。使用 HPIV 血清型 1、2 和 3（HPIV1、2 和 3）的反向遗传学系统，已经生成了几种减毒 HPIV，并作为鼻内疫苗在成人和儿童中进行了评估。针对 HPIV3 的两种疫苗在 HPIV3 血清阴性婴儿和儿童的 I 期试验中被发现具有良好的耐受性、传染性和免疫原性，应该推进到概念验证试验。针对 HPIV1 和 HPIV2 的疫苗进展较慢，刚刚进入儿科试验。
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