School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Australia.
J Pers Assess. 2011 Sep-Oct;93(5):483-90. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2011.594124.
A number of studies support the refinement of various types of social support into 2 primary dimensions: emotional support and instrumental support. There is increasing recognition of benefits aligned with giving as well as receiving social support, yet there has been no single measure published that incorporates all of these elements. This study presents the development of the 2-Way Social Support Scale (2-Way SSS) using community samples (n = 372; n = 417) and provides evidence for the scales' factor structure, reliability, and validity. The 2-Way SSS concurrently appraises 4 principal dimensions: (a) giving emotional support, (b) giving instrumental support, (c) receiving emotional support, and (d) receiving instrumental support. The completeness of the scale, combined with the generic quality of the items, enhances its utility across a diversity of contexts. Importantly, this scale provides a measurement tool that will enable the comparison of social support research outcomes across studies and populations.
情感支持和工具支持。越来越多的人认识到给予和接受社会支持都有好处，但还没有发表过一个包含所有这些要素的单一衡量标准。本研究使用社区样本（n=372；n=417）开发了双向社会支持量表（2-Way SSS），并提供了量表结构、信度和效度的证据。2-Way SSS 同时评估了 4 个主要维度：（a）给予情感支持，（b）给予工具支持，（c）接受情感支持，（d）接受工具支持。该量表的完整性，加上项目的通用性，提高了其在各种情况下的实用性。重要的是，该量表提供了一种测量工具，将能够在不同的研究和人群中比较社会支持研究结果。
