[与风险相关的奖励选择条件下人类行为的个体类型差异]

[Individual typological differences in human behavior under conditions of reward choice assoicated with risk].

作者信息

Merzhanova G Kh, Zaleshin A V, Ashkinazi M L, Shergin I N

出版信息

Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 2011 May-Jun;61(3):281-92.

Abstract

A choice between probability (100, 75, 50, 25, 10, 0%) and valuable reward were investigated in adult. In behavioral experiments, adult subjects put in a situation of a choice between greater, but risky prize and smaller, but received always, made the decision according to situational factors and specific features of character such as propensity to risk and care. In a situation of choice of behavioral strategy, subjects could be divided in "inclined to risk" and "careful". Tipologycal differences between groups were the greatest under conditions of 25% probability of getting a valuable reward. Probability prognosis was more efficient in persons "tended to risk", than in "careful" subjects. According to psychological tests, "impulsive" people appeared to be more inclined to risk than to cautiousness. For the group of persons that tended to cautiousness under conditions of 25% probability of getting a valuable reward, synchronism of EEG rhythms in the alpha and beta bands was revealed.

摘要

在成年人中研究了概率（100%、75%、50%、25%、10%、0%）与有价值奖励之间的选择。在行为实验中，成年受试者处于一种在更大但有风险的奖品和更小但总能获得的奖品之间进行选择的情境中，他们会根据情境因素和性格的特定特征（如冒险倾向和谨慎程度）做出决定。在行为策略选择的情境中，受试者可分为“倾向于冒险”和“谨慎”两类。在获得有价值奖励的概率为25%的条件下，两组之间的类型学差异最为显著。概率预测在“倾向于冒险”的人身上比在“谨慎”的受试者身上更有效。根据心理测试，“冲动”的人似乎比谨慎的人更倾向于冒险。对于在获得有价值奖励的概率为25%的条件下倾向于谨慎的人群，发现了脑电图α波和β波节律的同步性。