Center for Memory Disturbances, Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
Biomark Med. 2011 Aug;5(4):479-84. doi: 10.2217/bmm.11.48.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) core biomarkers (Aβ(1-42), total tau and phosphorylated tau) have proven to be useful in the clinical practice to evaluate patients with mild cognitive impairment in order to predict progression to Alzheimer's disease. Multicenter studies have shown an good overall performance of Aβ(1-42), total tau and phosphorylated tau in the diagnosis of early AD; however, they also evidenced some possible weakness in terms of variability among centers, which generates some concern about their use in routine clinical practice. Therefore, the need for a joint effort of academia, companies and government agencies is evident. In this article we will provide the state of art of AD biomarkers application for the diagnosis of early AD, also describing some of the most promising new putative biomarkers currently studied. The final aim is to introduce a panel of AD biomarkers that is able to describe the preclinical phases of AD, as fully as possible paving the way to a routine early diagnosis in view of treatment by means of disease-modifying drugs.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）的核心生物标志物（Aβ（1-42）、总tau 和磷酸化 tau）已被证明在临床实践中用于评估轻度认知障碍患者，以预测向 AD 的进展。多中心研究表明，Aβ（1-42）、总 tau 和磷酸化 tau 在早期 AD 的诊断中具有良好的整体性能；然而，它们也在中心间的可变性方面表现出一些可能的弱点，这引起了人们对它们在常规临床实践中应用的一些关注。因此，学术界、公司和政府机构显然需要共同努力。在本文中，我们将介绍 AD 生物标志物在早期 AD 诊断中的应用现状，同时描述目前正在研究的一些最有前途的新候选生物标志物。最终目的是引入一组 AD 生物标志物，尽可能全面地描述 AD 的临床前阶段，为通过改变疾病的药物进行早期治疗铺平道路。
