Lin R T, Takemura A
Department of Anatomy, Osaka Dental University, Japan.
Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn. 1990 Mar;66(6):417-31. doi: 10.2535/ofaj1936.66.6_417.
An investigation was made of the facial artery in 3 heads of the lion (Panthera s. Felis leo) in the possession of the authors' department. The heads were injected with acryl plastic via the common carotid artery and were examined from the standpoint of the comparative anatomy. Five sides of these 3 heads were prepared to vascular corrosion casts and the remaining side to a dessection specimen preserved in formalin solution. The facial artery of the lion arose independently from the anteroinferior wall of the external carotid artery between the styloglossus and digastricus muscles and between the origins of the lingual and the posterior auricular arteries at a position where the external carotid curved laterally anterior to the tympanic bulla. The facial artery gave rise to the mandibular glandular branch posterosuperiorly immediately after its origin and passed forwards medial to the insertion of the masseter along the superior margin of the digastricus and bent anteroinferiorly giving off the sublingual glandular branch after the divergence of a thick, masseteric branch. The facial artery reached the posterior margin of the mylohyoideus muscle, where it gave rise to the submental artery anteroinferiorly from its inferior wall. The submental artery passed forwards along the inferior margin of the mandible, giving off the digastric and the mylohyoid branches, up to the intermandibular synchondrosis, where it anastomosed with the opposite fellow after giving off the genioglossal branch. The main stream of the facial artery, after giving off the submental artery, reached the face through the facial vascular notch of the mandible. The facial artery passed anterosuperiorly along the anterior margin of the masseter muscle, giving off the buccal, the cutaneous and the mandibular marginal branches, up to a position posterior to the oral angle, where it terminated to the inferior labial and the posterior superior labial arteries. Similarities between the lion and the cat were found in terms of both the origin and ramifications. However, the inferior labial artery was more developed than that of the cat, whereas the peripheral ramifications of the submental artery were underdeveloped and supplemented by the lingual artery.
对作者所在部门所拥有的3头狮子（豹属狮亚种）的面动脉进行了研究。通过颈总动脉向这些头部注射丙烯酸塑料，并从比较解剖学的角度进行检查。对这3头狮子的5侧头部制作了血管铸型标本，其余一侧制作了保存在福尔马林溶液中的解剖标本。狮子的面动脉独立起自颈外动脉前下壁，位于茎突舌肌和二腹肌之间、舌动脉与耳后动脉起点之间，颈外动脉在此处向外侧弯曲至鼓泡前方。面动脉起始后立即向后上方发出下颌腺支，沿二腹肌上缘向前内侧走行，在咬肌附着处内侧，发出粗大的咬肌支后，向下前弯曲发出舌下腺支。面动脉到达下颌舌骨肌后缘，在此处从其下壁向前下方发出颏下动脉。颏下动脉沿下颌骨下缘向前走行，发出二腹肌支和下颌舌骨肌支，直至下颌间软骨结合处，发出颏舌肌支后与对侧同名动脉吻合。面动脉发出颏下动脉后，其主流经下颌骨的面血管切迹到达面部。面动脉沿咬肌前缘向前上方走行，发出颊支、皮支和下颌缘支，直至口角后方，在此处分为下唇动脉和上唇后动脉。在面动脉的起源和分支方面，发现狮子与猫有相似之处。然而，下唇动脉比猫的更发达，而颏下动脉的外周分支不发达，由舌动脉补充。
