Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and CRCHUM, 1560 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, Quebec H2L 4M1, Canada.
Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2012 Feb;12(2):129-36. doi: 10.2174/187152012799014995.
Anticancer therapies have traditionally been targeted directly against cancer cell growth. However, newer treatment strategies also target the microenvironment that supports metastatic cancer cell growth. Bisphosphonates are the standard of care for maintaining bone health in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors and bone lesions from multiple myeloma, and emerging evidence supports potential anticancer activity of bisphosphonates. Zoledronic acid (ZOL), a third-generation nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, is currently advised for reducing the risk of skeletal morbidity in patients with bone metastases from prostate cancer and other genitourinary cancers, such as renal cell carcinoma and bladder cancer. Clinical studies indicate that ZOL can normalize bone marker levels (a potential measure of skeletal disease burden), which may improve survival in patients with aggressive bone disease from prostate and other genitourinary cancers, supporting a broader therapeutic role for ZOL in genitourinary malignancies. This review examines the rationale and emerging evidence supporting the anticancer activity of bisphosphonates, especially ZOL, against prostate and other genitourinary cancers.
癌症治疗传统上直接针对癌细胞生长。然而，更新的治疗策略也针对支持转移性癌细胞生长的微环境。双膦酸盐是治疗实体瘤骨转移和多发性骨髓瘤骨病变患者骨健康的标准治疗方法，新出现的证据支持双膦酸盐具有潜在的抗癌活性。唑来膦酸（zoledronic acid，ZOL）是一种第三代含氮双膦酸盐，目前建议用于降低前列腺癌和其他泌尿生殖系统癌症（如肾细胞癌和膀胱癌）骨转移患者发生骨骼并发症的风险。临床研究表明，zoledronic acid 可以使骨标志物水平正常化（骨骼疾病负担的潜在衡量标准），这可能改善来自前列腺和其他泌尿生殖系统癌症的侵袭性骨疾病患者的生存，为 ZOL 在泌尿生殖系统恶性肿瘤中的更广泛治疗作用提供支持。本文综述了双膦酸盐，特别是 ZOL，针对前列腺癌和其他泌尿生殖系统癌症的抗癌活性的原理和新出现的证据。
