Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2011 Aug;103(8):421-6.
Splenosis is a benign condition caused by an ectopic autotransplantation of splenic tissues after splenic trauma or surgery. It usually occurs within the abdominal and pelvic cavity. Patients are generally asymptomatic and this entity is diagnosed accidentally. However, occasionally extensive abdominal splenosis poses a significant diagnostic dilemma for gastroenterologists, especially when this condition manifests as a disseminated metastatic malignant disease on abdominal imaging.This paper presents a concise review of the literature on this often misleading disorder. The crucial role of taking a thorough patient´s medical history concerning splenic trauma in the past, the need for differential diagnosis of tumor-like lesions disclosed on abdominal imaging and novel diagnostics modalities that allow avoiding unnecessary laparotomy in case of abdominal splenosis are stressed.The increased prevalence of abdominal trauma due to road accidents and the growing armamentarium of available imaging modalities suggest that abdominal splenosis may be expected more often than ever.In order to prevent any possible diagnostic doubts and unnecessary future invasive examinations, confirmed splenosis should be recorded in the medical documentation of the patient.
脾组织创伤或手术后脾组织异位自发性移植导致脾组织异位症，是一种良性病症。它通常发生在腹部和盆腔内。患者通常无症状，这种病症通常是偶然诊断出来的。然而，偶尔广泛的腹部脾组织异位症会给胃肠病学家带来重大的诊断难题，特别是当这种病症在腹部影像学上表现为播散性转移性恶性疾病时。本文对这种常易误诊的疾病进行了文献综述。文中强调了详细询问患者过去脾脏创伤病史的重要性、对腹部影像学上显示的肿瘤样病变进行鉴别诊断的必要性，以及在腹部脾组织异位症情况下可避免不必要剖腹手术的新型诊断方法的重要性。由于道路交通事故导致腹部创伤的发生率增加，以及现有的影像学手段不断增加，提示腹部脾组织异位症可能比以往任何时候都更常见。为了避免任何可能的诊断疑虑和不必要的未来侵入性检查，应在患者的医疗文档中记录确诊的脾组织异位症。
