Landeck Günter
North Hessian Society of Prehistory and Archeology of the Medieval, Bad Hersfeld, Germany.
Coll Antropol. 2010 Dec;34(4):1229-38.
The discovery of 24 stone artifacts and two bone tools at the German fluvial site of Untermassfeld associated with a rich vertebrate fauna of the Epivillafranchian provide further evidence of a Lower Pleistocene arrival of early Homo in northern Europe, since results of geological, paleomagnetic and biostratigraphic investigations point to an absolute age of approximately 1.07 million years (ma). The typological study of the lithic artifacts is accompanied by the analysis of the mineralogical structure of the raw materials and use wear traces of simple flakes and retouched lithic fragments. Signs of thermal alteration on the surface of a stone tool may denote former exposure to fire. Hominin processing of animal resources is indicated by at least one knapped bone tool and bone surface modifications considered to be of cultural origin. Finally, lithic material from further archeological find sites of the Werra Valley associated with assumed Lower Pleistocene river sediments are discussed.
在德国翁特马斯费尔德的河流遗址发现了24件石器和两件骨器，该遗址还伴有丰富的维拉弗朗阶晚期脊椎动物群，这进一步证明了早期人类在更新世早期抵达北欧，因为地质、古地磁和生物地层学调查结果表明其绝对年龄约为107万年。对石器的类型学研究伴随着对原材料矿物结构以及简单石片和修整过的石片碎片使用痕迹的分析。一件石器表面的热蚀变迹象可能表明它曾暴露于火中。至少一件经过敲击的骨器以及被认为具有文化起源的骨表面改造表明了人类对动物资源的加工。最后，还讨论了来自韦拉河谷其他考古发现地点、与假定的更新世早期河流沉积物相关的石质材料。
