Shea John J
Anthropology Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-4364, USA.
J Hum Evol. 2008 Sep;55(3):448-85. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.05.014. Epub 2008 Aug 8.
This paper describes the excavation, stratigraphy, and lithic assemblages of Middle Stone Age sites from the Omo Kibish Formation (Lower Omo Valley, southwestern Ethiopia). Three sites were excavated, two in Kibish Member I (KHS and AHS) and one at the base of Member III (BNS). The assemblages are dominated by relatively high-quality raw materials procured as pebbles from local gravels. The principal modes of core preparation are radial/centripetal Levallois and discoidal. Retouched tools are rare. Foliate bifaces are present, as are larger tools, such as handaxes, picks, and lanceolates, but these are more common among surface finds than among excavated assemblages. Middle Stone Age assemblages shed light on the adaptations of the earliest-known Homo sapiens populations in Africa.
本文描述了来自奥莫基比什组（埃塞俄比亚西南部下奥莫河谷）中石器时代遗址的发掘情况、地层学和石器组合。共发掘了三个遗址，两个位于基比什第一成员层（KHS和AHS），一个位于第三成员层底部（BNS）。这些组合以从当地砾石中获取的相对高质量的卵石原料为主。石核制备的主要方式是放射状/向心勒瓦娄哇技术和盘状技术。经过修整的工具很少见。有叶状双面器，还有较大的工具，如手斧、挖掘器和柳叶状器，但这些在地表发现物中比在发掘出的组合中更为常见。中石器时代的组合为了解非洲最早已知的智人种群的适应情况提供了线索。
