Laktasić-Zerjavić Nadica, Perić Porin
Klinika za reumatske bolesti i rehabilitaciju, Referentni centar MZSS RH za reumatoidni artritis, Klinikki bolniCki centar Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb.
Reumatizam. 2010;57(2):54-61.
Diagnostic ultrasound (US) is noninvasive, non-ionisating and cost-effective imaging diagnostic technique. It has emerged as a useful imaging modality for the diagnosis of joint and soft tissue pathology. The shoulder is probably the most frequently analyzed joint. Diagnostic US can be considered as an extension of physical examination and has better sensitivity and specificity for the detection of rotator cuff tendon tear compared to the physical examination. A high frequency linear probe (7.5-15 MHz) with high resolution transducer should be used. US investigation of the shoulder includes scanning of the long head of the biceps, the subskapularis, the supraspinatus, and the infraspinatus tendon in longitudinal and transverse planes, and scanning of the subacromial-subdeltoid (SA/SD) bursa, glenohumeral (GH) and acromioclavicular (AC)joint. The most frequent US findings of the shoulder are effusion in the long head of the biceps tendon, and in the SA/SD bursa, tendinosis or tear of the supraspinatus tendon, and the degenerative changes of the AC joint. In inflammatory arthopahies synovial effusion and hypertrophy of the GH joint can be evaluated. Power Doppler sonography is used for detection of sinovial vascularisation. In this paper standardized techinque for the US examination of the shoulder is described. Pictures of normal and sam basic phathological findings are presented.
诊断性超声（US）是一种无创、非电离且具有成本效益的成像诊断技术。它已成为诊断关节和软组织病变的一种有用的成像方式。肩部可能是最常被分析的关节。诊断性超声可被视为体格检查的延伸，与体格检查相比，在检测肩袖肌腱撕裂方面具有更高的敏感性和特异性。应使用具有高分辨率换能器的高频线性探头（7.5 - 15 MHz）。肩部的超声检查包括在纵切面和横切面上扫描肱二头肌长头、肩胛下肌、冈上肌和冈下肌腱，以及扫描肩峰下 - 三角肌下（SA/SD）滑囊、盂肱（GH）和肩锁（AC）关节。肩部最常见的超声表现是肱二头肌长头肌腱和SA/SD滑囊内的积液、冈上肌腱的肌腱病或撕裂以及AC关节的退行性改变。在炎性关节病中，可以评估GH关节的滑膜积液和肥大情况。能量多普勒超声用于检测滑膜血管化。本文描述了肩部超声检查的标准化技术。展示了正常和一些基本病理表现的图片。
