Noroozi Azita, Tahmasebi Rahim
Department of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011;12(5):1239-44.
Early detection of breast cancer is of great importance to improve women's health and to decrease the cost related to cancer death. Therefore, recognition of variables related to breast cancer screening behaviors is necessary. Objectives of this study were to identify the rates of breast self-examination (BSE) performance and mammography use in Iranian women, and to characterize the demographic and cognitive factors associated with their breast cancer screening behavior.
Data were collected from a convenience sample of 388 females, using an adapted version of Champion's revised Health Belief Model Scale.
The results showed that 7.5% of the participants performed BSE on a regular monthly basis, and among the women aged 40 and older, 14.3% reported having had at least one mammography in their lifetime. Perceived self-efficacy and perceived barriers to BSE were significant predictors for BSE performance. For having mammography, health motivation was the main predictor.
Eliminating barriers and increasing perceived self-efficacy with an emphasis to make the women acquainted with BSE performance; as well as increasing health motivation of women and persuading of physicians for clinical breast examination (CBE) performance with low cost and free access to m ammography, are important to promote BSE and mammography.
早期发现乳腺癌对于改善女性健康和降低癌症死亡相关成本至关重要。因此，识别与乳腺癌筛查行为相关的变量很有必要。本研究的目的是确定伊朗女性乳房自我检查（BSE）的执行率和乳房X光检查的使用率，并描述与她们乳腺癌筛查行为相关的人口统计学和认知因素。
使用经修订的Champion健康信念模型量表的改编版，从388名女性的便利样本中收集数据。
结果显示，7.5%的参与者每月定期进行乳房自我检查，在40岁及以上的女性中，14.3%的人报告一生中至少进行过一次乳房X光检查。自我效能感和乳房自我检查的感知障碍是乳房自我检查执行情况的重要预测因素。对于进行乳房X光检查，健康动机是主要预测因素。
消除障碍并提高自我效能感，重点是让女性熟悉乳房自我检查的执行；以及提高女性的健康动机，并说服医生进行低成本且可免费进行乳房X光检查的临床乳房检查（CBE），对于促进乳房自我检查和乳房X光检查很重要。
