Dilling Horst, Thomsen Hans Peter, Hohagen Fritz
Lübeck University, Germany.
Hist Psychiatry. 2010 Dec;21(84 Pt 4):371-86. doi: 10.1177/0957154X09102481.
Only selected aspects of the history of the House of the Poor Insane in the Hanseatic Free City of Lübeck have been studied to date.This article presents the results of an entire source study of this small institution in the 17th and 18th centuries, and briefly also during the next 40 years after the opening of a new building. In addition to the minute-book of the Governors, now kept in the Lübeck Municipal Archives, the results are based primarily on the account-books,which illustrate the institution's social history and activities. Examples are given. During most of the 17th century, the House was generally rather like a prison for the insane, but at the end of this century and in the early 18th there was a reform phase.This was followed by phases of repression and 'containment' at the end of the 18th century and in the early 19th century, before a renewed reform by the medical profession.The findings for Lübeck are compared with the development of inpatient care in institutions elsewhere, and the decisive factors in Lübeck are discussed.
迄今为止，仅对吕贝克汉萨自由城市的贫民疯人院历史的某些特定方面进行了研究。本文呈现了对这座小型机构在17世纪和18世纪，以及在新建筑启用后的接下来40年期间的全面资料研究结果。除了现保存在吕贝克市档案馆的总督会议记录簿外，研究结果主要基于账簿，这些账簿展现了该机构的社会历史和活动。文中给出了实例。在17世纪的大部分时间里，该疯人院总体上更像是一座关押疯人的监狱，但在该世纪末和18世纪初经历了一个改革阶段。随后在18世纪末和19世纪初出现了镇压和“收容”阶段，之后医学专业人士再次进行了改革。将吕贝克的研究结果与其他地方机构住院护理的发展情况进行了比较，并探讨了吕贝克的决定性因素。
